A cluster randomized trial to assess the effect of clinical pathways for patients with stroke: results of the clinical pathways for effective and appropriate care study

Massimiliano Panella; Sara Marchisio; Romeo Brambilla; Kris Vanhaecht; Francesco Di Stanislao

doi:10.1186/1741-7015-10-71

Table 3 The outcome indicators^{a, b}

From: A cluster randomized trial to assess the effect of clinical pathways for patients with stroke: results of the clinical pathways for effective and appropriate care study

Variables	Clinical pathway, n = 238	No intervention, n = 238	Between-group difference, OR (95% CI)	P-value^c
In-hospital death rate within 30 days of admission to hospital	18/238 (7.6) (4.5 to 11.7)	25/238 (10.5) (6.9 to 15.1)	0.70 (0.35 to 1.37)	0.34
In-hospital death rate within 7 days of admission to hospital	7/238 (2.9) (1.2 to 6.0)	16/238 (6.7) (3.6 to 10.2)	0.42 (0.15 to 1.11)	0.05
In-hospital death rate within 30 days of stroke attack	18/238 (7.6) (4.5 to 11.7)	25/238 (10.5) (6.9 to 15.1)	0.70 (0.35 to 1.37)	0.34
Post-discharge death rates (1, 3, 6, 12 months after discharge)	3/53 (5.7) (1.2 to 15.7)	0/27 (0.0) (0.0 to 12.8)	1.54 (1.31 to 1.81)	0.55
In-patients length of stay, n (mean ± SD)	229 (11.78 ± 6.6)	219 (10.88 ± 7.9)	-	0.19
Within 9 days of length of stay in hospital patients' rate	94/227 (41.4) (34.9 to 48.1)	114/215 (53.0) (46.1 to 59.8)	1.60 (1.08 to 2.37)	0.02
Pressure-sore incidence rate	4/229 (1.7) (0.5 to 4.4)	12/219 (5.5) (2.9 to 9.4)	0.31 (0.08 to 0.94)	0.04
Overall in-hospital complications rate	53/229 (23.1) (17.8 to 29.2)	67/219 (30.6) (24.6 to 37.2)	0.68 (0.44 to 1.06)	0.09
Overall post-discharge complications rate	12/103 (11.7) (6.2 to 19.5)	0/27 (0.0) (0.0 to 12.8)	1.30 (0.98 to 1.43)	0.07
Institutionalization at discharge	26/92 (28.3) (19.4 to 38.6)	15/64 (23.4) (14.0 to 36.2)	1.29 (0.58 to 2.87)	0.58
In-hospital re-admission rate (within 30 days of discharge)	0/211 (0.0) (NC)	0/194 (0.0) (NC)	NC	NC
Return to pre-stroke functioning in daily life rate (with ADL/case mix adjustment)	97/208 (46.6) (39.1 to 52.9)	22/90 (24.4) (16.0 to 34.6)	2.70 (1.50 to 4.88)	< 0.001
Return to pre-stroke functioning in daily life rate at follow-up at 3 months (with ADL/case mix adjustment)	62/101 (61.4) (51.2 to 70.9)	5/9 (55.5) (21.2 to 86.3)	1.27 (0.27 to 5.92)	0.73

ADL, Activities of daily living; NC, Not calculable
^aBecause of missing data denominators used to calculate percentages may differ from group totals (clinical pathway versus no intervention).
^bValues are n/total n (%) (95% CI) unless otherwise indicated.
^c P-values represent comparison of each characteristic between two groups (clinical pathway versus no intervention), and all P-values are two-sided.

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