Dataset | Setting | Country | N | Age, years; mean (range) | Prevalence ofserious infection % (95% CI) | Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Van den Bruel et al. 2007 [7] | GP/AP/ED | BE | 4102 | 5.0 (0.0 to 16.9) | 0.8 (0.5 to 1.1) | Children ≤16 years with acute illness max 5 days | Traumatic or neurological illness, intoxication, psychiatric or behavioral problems without somatic cause or an exacerbation of a chronic condition. No repeated inclusion of same infant within 5 days. Exclusion of physicians if the assumption of consecutive inclusion was probably violated |
Roukema et al. 2008 [24] | ED | NL | 1750 | 2.9 (0.1 to 15.7) | 12.3 (10.8 to 13.9) | All children with fever (>38°C) at ED, without meningeal irritation | Chronic disease, Immunodeficiency |
Bleeker et al. 2007 [25] | ED | NL | 595 | 0.9 (0.0 to 3.0) | 23.0 (19.6 to 26.4) | Children with fever T>38°C at ED, no clear focus identified after evaluation GP of history by pediatrician | Chronic disease, Immunodeficiency |
Monteny et al. 2008 [22] | GP | NL | 506 | 2.2 (0.3 to 5.9) | 4.0 (2.3 to 5.7) | Children aged 3 months to 6 years, contacting a GP cooperative after hours with fever as the presenting symptom | Language barriers, no repeated inclusion within the previous two weeks |
Brent et al. 2011 [23] | ED | UK | 2777 | 3.3 (0.0 to 18.4) | 5.3 (4.5 to 6.1) | All children presenting with a medical problem to the pediatric emergency-care unit whatever their age | Children who required immediate resuscitation. Comorbidity and chronic illness |
Thompson et al. 2009 [18] | PAU | UK | 700 | 4.6 (0.0 to 16.0) | 37.7 (34.1 to 41.3) | Children aged 3 months to 16 years with suspected acute infection | Children with diseases liable to cause repeated serious bacterial infection, and infections resulting from penetrating trauma |
Oostenbrink et al. 2004 [26] | ED | NL | 593 | 3.7 (0.1 to 16.1) | 43.8 (39.8 to 47.9) | Children aged 1 month to 16 years, meningeal signs at GP, pediatrician-referred or self-referred with neck pain | Comorbidity, ventriculoperitoneal drain |