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Table 2 Comparison of the psychosocial impact of cholera in endemic areas of three African settings, by site and gender

From: Comparing sociocultural features of cholera in three endemic African settings

Category

SE-DRC, n = 360

Western Kenya, n = 379

Zanzibar, n = 356

Overall

Total reported

Prominence

 

Total reported

Prominence

 

Total reported

Prominence

 

Interference with work/daily activities***

96.9

1.64

 

98.7

2.19

 

96.9

2.35

 

Loss of family income***

92.5

2.41

 

96.3

2.63

 

95.5

2.13

 

Sadness, anxiety, worry***

97.8

2.70

 

98.2

1.84

 

97.5

1.89

 

Site comparison

Urban

Rural

 

Urban

Rural

 

Urban

Rural

 

Total reported

Prominence

Total reported

Prominence

P value

Total reported

Prominence

Total reported

Prominence

P value

Total reported

Prominence

Total reported

Prominence

P value

Costs (transport, food, drugs)

87.8

1.40

94.4

1.42

0.575

97.9

1.51

87.3

1.28

<0.001

97.2

2.07

96.0

1.67

0.142

Disruption of health services

68.9

0.96

71.7

0.84

0.229

55.3

0.57

51.9

0.58

0.627

48.0

0.54

88.1

0.94

<0.001

Interference with social relationships

67.2

1.12

86.7

1.56

<0.001

84.2

1.35

78.8

1.33

0.379

65.4

0.82

74.6

1.28

<0.001

Loss of family income

91.1

2.57

93.9

2.25

0.174

97.9

2.94

94.7

2.31

<0.001

98.3

2.11

92.7

2.16

0.463

Sadness, anxiety, worry

97.8

2.43

98.3

2.96

<0.001

100.0

1.90

96.3

1.78

0.064

100.0

2.06

94.9

1.72

<0.001

Gender comparison

Female

Male

P value

Female

Male

P value

Female

Male

P value

Total reported

Prominence

Total reported

Prominence

Total reported

Prominence

Total reported

Prominence

Total reported

Prominence

Total reported

Prominence

Disruption of health services

69.6

0.88

70.9

0.92

0.754

46.9

0.47

60.5

0.69

0.004

73.2

0.78

62.7

0.69

0.051

Interference with work/daily activities

95.0

1.46

98.9

1.82

0.005

98.5

2.07

98.9

2.32

0.085

95.5

2.36

97.2

2.33

0.704

Loss of family income

94.5

2.55

90.5

2.27

0.112

96.4

2.74

96.2

2.51

0.178

93.9

1.96

97.7

2.31

0.007

  1. Categories ordered alphabetically, except for ‘cannot say’. Total reported = percentage of categories reported spontaneously and upon probing. ‘Prominence’ = mean prominence of categories based on how reported (spontaneous = 2, probed = 1, most troubling = 3). ‘Overall’: figures in bold designate top three prominent categories; comparison between settings based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, *** P <0.001. ‘Site comparison’ and ‘Gender comparison’: figures in bold designate significant differences at P <0.05 based on the Wilcoxon test. Data for Southeastern Democratic Republic of Congo (SE-DRC) in ‘Overall’ section from Merten et al. [31]. Data for western Kenya in ‘Site comparison’ section from Nyambedha et al. [28]. Data for Zanzibar in ‘Site comparison’ section from Schaetti et al.[27].