Table 1 Studies examining alterations in the expression of genes involved in inflammation
From: Depression pathogenesis and treatment: what can we learn from blood mRNA expression?
Citation | Type of study | Sample | Gene | Clinical assessments | Main findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tsao et al. 2006 [22] | Case-control and follow-up | 20 MDD 22 Controls | 5-HTT IL-1β IL-6 TNF-α IFN-α | Diagnosis based on DSM-IV criteria HDRS | Higher expression of 5-HTT, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-α in patients with MDD compared with controls. Significant decreased in expression of 5-HTT and IFN-α after 3 months of fluoxetine treatment. |
Cattaneo et al. 2012 [23] | Case-control and follow-up | 74 MDD 34 Controls | IL-1α IL-1β IL-4 IL-6 IL-7 IL-8 IL-10 MIF TNF-α | Diagnosis based on DSM-IV or ICD-10 criteria SCAN | Higher expression of IL-1β, IL-6, MIF and TNF-α and lower expression of IL-4 in patients with MDD compared with controls. IL-β, TNF-α and MIF expression predicted antidepressant response. Significant decrease in IL-6 expression after 8 weeks of antidepressant treatment (escitalopram or nortriptyline) in responders only. |
Suzuki et al. 2010 [25] | Case-control | 43 MDD 43 Controls | ApoER2 VLDLR | Diagnosis based on DSM-IV criteria HAM-D BPRS | Lower expression of ApoER2 in patients with MDD compared with controls. No significant difference in expression of VLDLR. |
Galecki et al. 2012 [29] | Case-control | 181 rDD 149 Controls | COX-2 MPO NOS2A PLA2G2A | Diagnosis based on DSM-IV criteria or ICD-10 criteria CIDI | Higher expression of COX-2, MPO, NOS2A and PLA2G2A in patients with rDD compared with controls. |
Weigelt et al. 2011 [33] | Case-control | 24 MDD 22 BPD 45 Controls | TREM-1 DAP12 PU.1 ATF3 EGR3 MXD1 MAFF NAB2 | Diagnosis based on DSM-IV criteria SCID-I | Higher expression of TREM-1 and NAB2 in patients with BPD only. Higher expression of PU.1 in patients with MDD and a trend for higher expression of TREM-1. Higher expression of ATF3, EGR3, MAFF and MXD1 in patients with both MDD and BPD. No significant difference in expression of DAP12 in either patient group. |