Table 1 Biochemical and clinical characteristics of subjects

Subjects

406

154

140

112

M

198

93

75

30

F

208

61

65

82

Age, years

10.7 ± 3.1

8.4 ± 2.3

10.4 ± 2.0

14.2 ± 2.0

M

10.6 ± 2.8

9.0 ± 2.2

11.1 ± 2.1

14.6 ± 1.7

F

10.8 ± 3.4

7.6 ± 2.3

9.6 ± 1.5

14.0 ± 2.1

BMI, kg/m²

27.2 ± 4.8

25.2 ± 3.6

26.3 ± 4.0

31.1 ± 4.8

M

27.5 ± 4.8

26.1 ± 3.9

27.1 ± 4.1

32.7 ± 5.9

F

27.0 ± 4.8

23.9 ± 2.7

25.4 ± 3.8

30.6 ± 4.3

BMISDS

1.99 ± 0.59

1.95 ± 0.51

1.81 ± 0.53

2.26 ± 0.65

M

1.99 ± 0.57

1.98 ± 0.44

1.82 ± 0.55

2.40 ± 0.78

F

1.99 ± 0.60

1.90 ± 0.61

1.78 ± 0.50

2.21 ± 0.60

WC, cm

89.1 ± 13.2

82.5 ± 11.5

88.5 ± 11.1

100.1 ± 11.7

M

89.9 ± 13.2

84.8 ± 11.8

91.4 ± 11.2

104.4 ± 11.6

F

88.4 ± 13.3

79.0 ± 9.1

85.2 ± 10.2

98.7 ± 11.5

SBP, mmHg

127.1 ± 17.1

121.1 ± 12.6

125.6 ± 14.2

137.3 ± 21.1

M

128.7 ± 16.8

122.0 ± 13.1

129.2 ± 13.9

148.4 ± 19.0

F

125.6 ± 17.3

119.7 ± 11.8

121.4 ± 13.5

133.3 ± 20.4

DBP, mmHg

82.3 ± 10.9

78.7 ± 9.6

81.6 ± 10.6

88.0 ± 10.6

M

83.6 ± 10.8

80.1 ± 9.7

84.1 ± 10.3

93.4 ± 9.4

F

81.0 ± 10.8

76.4 ± 9.1

78.8 ± 10.3

86.0 ± 10.4

SBP percentile

90.4 ± 12.5

89.3 ± 12.2

89.7 ± 14.3

93.0 ± 10.1

M

91.0 ± 12.2

88.9 ± 12.5

91.6 ± 12.9

96.0 ± 6.2

F

89.9 ± 12.8

89.9 ± 10.7

87.4 ± 15.5

91.9 ± 11.0

DBP percentile

91.2 ± 11.5

90.5 ± 11.0

90.0 ± 12.9

93.7 ± 9.8

M

91.8 ± 11.4

91.0 ± 11.2

90.9 ± 12.8

96.8 ± 5.0

F

90.6 ± 11.6

89.9 ± 10.7

88.9 ± 13.0

92.6 ± 10.9

HDL, mmol/l

1.08 ± 0.24

1.15 ± 0.25

1.06 ± 0.23

1.00 ± 0.22

M

1.06 ± 0.23

1.13 ± 0.23

1.05 ± 0.22

0.91 ± 0.20

F

1.09 ± 0.25

1.18 ± 0.27

1.08 ± 0.25

1.04 ± 0.22

LDL, mmol/l

2.23 ± 0.59

2.36 ± 0.63

2.14 ± 0.54

2.18 ± 0.56

M

2.23 ± 0.63

2.37 ± 0.68

2.10 ± 0.53

2.16 ± 0.66

F

2.23 ± 0.54

2.35 ± 0.54

2.18 ± 0.55

2.19 ± 0.52

TG, mmol/l

0.87 ± 0.47

0.84 ± 0.46

0.84 ± 0.42

0.96 ± 0.54

M

0.88 ± 0.52

0.86 ± 0.47

0.83 ± 0.34

1.10 ± 0.89

F

0.86 ± 0.42

0.81 ± 0.44

0.85 ± 0.49

0.91 ± 0.32

Glc0', mmol/l

4.80 ± 0.47

4.73 ± 0.51

4.79 ± 0.45

4.91 ± 0.39

M

4.89 ± 0.44

4.86 ± 0.46

4.85 ± 0.41

5.06 ± 0.39

F

4.72 ± 0.48

4.55 ± 0.54

4.72 ± 0.49

4.86 ± 0.38

Glc120', mmol/l

6.05 ± 1.01

5.99 ± 0.90

6.11 ± 0.99

6.04 ± 1.13

M

6.09 ± 0.94

6.02 ± 0.91

6.02 ± 0.98

6.38 ± 0.91

F

6.00 ± 1.08

5.93 ± 0.89

6.25 ± 1.01

5.90 ± 1.18

Ins0', pmol/l

97.3 ± 62.8

80.3 ± 50.3

101.1 ± 61.0

115.7 ± 73.9

M

92.6 ± 50.7

79.0 ± 44.6

100.2 ± 46.4

114.0 ± 66.3

F

101.8 ± 72.4

82.3 ± 58.0

102.2 ± 75.6

116.4 ± 77.0

HOMA-IR

2.9 ± 2.0

2.4 ± 1.6

3.0 ± 2.0

3.5 ± 2.4

M

2.8 ± 1.6

2.4 ± 1.4

3.0 ± 1.5

3.6 ± 2.2

F

3.0 ± 2.3

2.4 ± 1.8

3.0 ± 2.4

3.5 ± 2.4

ACTH, pmol/l

5.90 ± 4.70

5.37 ± 3.99

6.26 ± 5.88

6.17 ± 3.86

M

6.53 ± 5.49

5.79 ± 4.39

6.74 ± 5.99

8.20 ± 4.10

F

5.30 ± 3.72

4.73 ± 3.21

5.70 ± 4.40

5.40 ± 3.40

Cortisol, nmol/l

327.9 ± 148.9

311.9 ± 138.2

320.3 ± 161.2

359.4 ± 140.8

M

324.8 ± 146.7

308.1 ± 135.6

327.8 ± 161.0

369.2 ± 137.2

F

330.8 ± 151.3

317.8 ± 143.0

313.6 ± 163.4

355.8 ± 142.8