Table 3 Characteristics of the participants in the second screening step (n = 1,712) by Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) classes including glucose and hemoglobin (Hb)A1c findings
Parameter | FINDRISC classes | Total | p | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<7 | 7 to 11 | 12 to 14 | 15 to 20 | >20 | |||
Number of participants, n | 98 (5.7) | 475 (27.7) | 416 (24.3) | 633 (37.0) | 90 (5.3) | 1712 | - |
Sex, men | 29 (29.6) | 174 (36.6) | 135 (32.5) | 212 (33.5) | 19 (21.1) | 569 (33.2) | 0.06 |
Age, years | 55.0 ± 7.5 | 60.1 ± 8.2 | 60.4 ± 8.0 | 62.0 ± 8.0 | 61.8 ± 8.4 | 60.7 ± 8.2 | <0.01 |
45-54 | 53 (54.1) | 147 (30.9) | 114 (27.4) | 129 (20.4) | 21 (23.3) | 464 (27.1) | |
55-64 | 34 (34.7) | 172 (36.2) | 160 (38.5) | 244 (38.5) | 30 (33.3) | 640 (37.4) | |
>65 | 11 (11.2) | 156 (32.8) | 142 (34.1) | 260 (41.1) | 39 (43.3) | 608 (35.5) | |
BMI, kg/m2 | 23.8 ± 2.4 | 27.6 ± 3.9 | 29.7 ± 4.5 | 31.5 ± 4.2 | 33.6 ± 4.4 | 29.7 ± 4.7 | <0.01 |
< 25 | 70 (71.4) | 107 (22.5) | 41 (9.9) | 19 (3.0) | 3 (3.3) | 240 (14.0) | |
25-30 | 27 (27.6) | 281 (59.2) | 208 (50.0) | 215 (34.0) | 9 (10.0) | 740 (43.2) | |
≥ 30 | 1 (1.0) | 87 (18.3) | 167 (40.1) | 399 (62.7) | 78 (86.7) | 732 (42.8) | |
Waist circumference, cm | 81.7 ± 7.7 | 93.2 ± 10.6 | 97.9 ± 10.8 | 101.8 ± 9.8 | 105.2 ± 9.6 | 97.4 ± 11.5 | <0.01 |
M<94, F<80 | 72 (73.5) | 86 (18.1) | 24 (5.8) | 11 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 193 (11.3) | |
M 94-102, F 80-88 | 26 (26.5) | 186 (39.2) | 113 (27.2) | 137 (21.6) | 1 (1.1) | 463 (27.0) | |
M ≥103, F ≥89 | 0 (0.0) | 203 (42.7) | 279 (67.1) | 485 (76.6) | 89 (98.9) | 1056 (61.7) | |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 122.8 ± 14.5 | 130.7 ± 15.1 | 132.7 ± 15.7 | 134.8 ± 14.9 | 138.3 ± 16.7 | 132.6 ± 15.5 | <0.01 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 73.7 ± 7.9 | 77.4 ± 8.7 | 79.4 ± 16.8 | 79.7 ± 9.1 | 81.9 ± 9.2 | 78.8 ± 11.4 | <0.01 |
FINDRISC items | |||||||
Antihypertensive medication | 6 (6.1) | 136 (28.6) | 170 (40.9) | 394 (62.2) | 66 (73.3) | 772 (45.1) | <0.01 |
Physical activity | 81 (82.7) | 389 (81.9) | 296 (71.2) | 416 (65.7) | 36 (40.0) | 1218 (71.1) | <0.01 |
Consumption of vegetables/fruits | 81 (82.7) | 428 (90.1) | 358 (86.1) | 540 (85.3) | 75 (83.3) | 1482 (86.6) | 0.09 |
History of blood glucose disorders | 0 (0.0) | 17 (3.6) | 60 (14.4) | 277 (43.8) | 88 (97.8) | 442 (25.8) | <0.01 |
Family history, first degree | 4 (4.1) | 46 (9.7) | 65 (15.6) | 74 (11.7) | 4 (4.4) | 193 (11.3) | <0.01 |
Family history, other degree | 0 (0.0) | 88 (18.5) | 172 (41.3) | 404 (63.8) | 83 (92.2) | 747 (43.6) | <0.01 |
2-hour Plasma glucose, mmol/l | 5.3 ± 2.0 | 6.2 ± 2.3 | 6.4 ± 2.6 | 7.4 ± 3.0 | 9.4 ± 3.2 | 6.8 ± 2.8 | <0.01 |
Diabetes | 1 (1.0) | 24 (5.1) | 23 (5.5) | 81 (12.8) | 29 (32.2) | 158 (9.2) | |
Pre-diabetes | 7 (7.1) | 87 (18.3) | 75 (18.0) | 172 (27.2) | 39 (43.3) | 380 (22.2) | |
Fasting plasma glucose, mmol/l | 4.7 ± 0.5 | 5.0 ± 0.8 | 5.1 ± 1.0 | 5.4 ± 1.1 | 6.0 ± 1.3 | 5.2 ± 1.0 | <0.01 |
Diabetes | 0 (0.0) | 7 (1.5) | 10 (2.4) | 28 (4.4) | 8 (8.9) | 53 (3.1) | |
Pre-diabetes | 6 (6.1) | 83 (17.5) | 80 (19.2) | 210 (33.2) | 53 (58.9) | 432 (25.2) | |
HbA1c (NGSP),%b | 5.3 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 0.6 | 5.5 ± 0.6 | 5.8 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 0.6 | <0.01 |
HbA1c (IFCC), mmol/molb | 34.3 ± 5.3 | 35.2 ± 5.9 | 36.0 ± 6.2 | 37.1 ± 6.9 | 40.1 ± 5.8 | 36.3 ± 6.4 | <0.01 |
Diabetes | 1 (1.0) | 9 (1.9) | 9 (2.2) | 33 (5.2) | 10 (11.1) | 62 (3.6) | |
Pre-diabetes | 22 (22.4) | 114 (24.0) | 107 (25.7) | 150 (23.7) | 36 (40.0) | 429 (25.1) | |