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Table 5 Association between meat consumption and cause-specific mortality in EPIC.

From: Meat consumption and mortality - results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

 

Cardiovascular diseases

Cancer

Respiratory diseases

Digestive tract

Other cause of death

Intake (g/d)

Ncases

HRa

95% CI

Ncases

HRa

95% CI

Ncases

HRa

95% CI

Ncases

HRa

95% CI

Ncases

HRa

95% CI

Red meat

0 to 9.9

695

1.03

(0.92, 1.16)

1077

1.04

(0.95, 1.14)

164

1.09

(0.84, 1.41)

74

0.81

(0.58, 1.14)

1019

1.10

(1.00, 1.21)

10 to 19.9

613

1.00

(ref.)

1052

1.00

(ref.)

116

1.00

(ref.)

74

1.00

(ref.)

833

1.00

(ref.)

20 to 39.9

1395

1.01

(0.91, 1.11)

2477

1.04

(0.96, 1.12)

227

0.86

(0.68, 1.09)

170

0.95

(0.72, 1.25)

1971

1.02

(0.94, 1.11)

40 to 9.9

1862

1.02

(0.92, 1.12)

3353

0.99

(0.91, 1.06)

357

0.92

(0.73, 1.16)

239

0.84

(0.64, 1.11)

2800

0.98

(0.90, 1.07)

80 to 159.9

924

1.04

(0.93, 1.17)

1759

1.03

(0.95, 1.13)

194

1.05

(0.81, 1.37)

144

0.88

(0.64, 1.21)

1433

1.03

(0.94, 1.14)

160+

67

1.07

(0.82, 1.40)

143

1.21

(1.00, 1.46)

10

0.80

(0.40, 1.60)

14

1.02

(0.55, 1.90)

112

1.17

(0.95, 1.44)

Per 100 g/day

Observed

 

1.10

(1.00, 1.19)

 

1.01

(0.94, 1.08)

 

1.02

(0.83, 1.24)

 

1.04

(0.82, 1.32)

 

1.01

(0.95, 1.09)

Calibrated

 

1.09

(1.00, 1.18)

 

1.00

(0.94, 1.07)

 

1.06

(0.88, 1.28)

 

1.03

(0.83, 1.29)

 

1.02

(0.94, 1.10)

Processed meat

0 to 9.9

1635

1.06

(0.96, 1.16)

2223

0.96

(0.90, 1.03)

322

1.11

(0.90, 1.37)

161

1.08

(0.83, 1.41)

1654

1.10

(1.02, 1.18)

10 to 19.9

855

1.00

(ref.)

1848

1.00

(ref.)

171

1.00

(ref.)

112

1.00

(ref.)

1547

1.00

(ref.)

20 to 39.9

1335

1.05

(0.96, 1.15)

2745

1.01

(0.95, 1.07)

287

1.21

(0.99, 1.47)

209

1.30

(1.02, 1.64)

2496

1.03

(0.97, 1.10)

40 to 79.9

1222

1.16

(1.05, 1.28)

2252

1.03

(0.96, 1.10)

220

1.29

(1.04, 1.61)

178

1.37

(1.06, 1.78)

1889

1.09

(1.02, 1.18)

80 to 159.9

453

1.35

(1.18, 1.54)

714

1.08

(0.98, 1.19)

60

1.27

(0.91, 1.77)

48

1.18

(0.80, 1.73)

526

1.28

(1.14, 1.43)

160+

56

1.72

(1.29, 2.30)

79

1.15

(0.90, 1.46)

8

1.73

(0.82, 3.65)

7

1.58

(0.70, 3.54)

56

1.64

(1.24, 2.18)

Per 50 g/day

Observed

 

1.15

(1.09, 1.21)

 

1.06

(1.02, 1.10)

 

1.10

(0.98, 1.25)

 

1.04

(0.91, 1.20)

 

1.11

(1.06, 1.15)

Calibrated

 

1.30

(1.17, 1.45)

 

1.11

(1.03, 1.21)

 

1.22

(0.97, 1.54)

 

1.09

(0.82, 1.47)

 

1.22

(1.11, 1.34)

Poultry

0 to 4.9

1494

1.05

(0.96, 1.15)

2502

1.10

(1.03, 1.17)

297

1.11

(0.91, 1.35)

189

1.03

(0.81, 1.30)

2220

1.09

(1.01, 1.17)

5 to 9.9

982

1.00

(ref.)

1706

1.00

(ref.)

184

1.00

(ref.)

132

1.00

(ref.)

1383

1.00

(ref.)

10 to 19.9

1565

1.00

(0.92, 1.09)

2649

1.00

(0.94, 1.06)

294

0.99

(0.82, 1.20)

191

0.89

(0.71, 1.12)

2286

0.98

(0.91, 1.05)

20 to 39.9

907

0.92

(0.83, 1.01)

1853

0.99

(0.93, 1.07)

153

0.95

(0.75, 1.20)

121

0.85

(0.66, 1.11)

1344

1.02

(0.95, 1.11)

40 to 79.9

541

0.90

(0.81, 1.01)

1024

1.01

(0.93, 1.10)

123

1.05

(0.82, 1.34)

68

0.85

(0.63, 1.16)

853

1.00

(0.92, 1.10)

80+

67

0.94

(0.73, 1.21)

127

1.00

(0.83, 1.20)

17

1.37

(0.82, 2.28)

14

1.42

(0.80, 2.50)

82

1.10

(0.88, 1.39)

Per 50 g/day

Observed

 

0.93

(0.85, 1.01)

 

0.97

(0.91, 1.03)

 

1.21

(1.06, 1.38)

 

0.89

(0.71, 1.13)

 

1.01

(0.95, 1.07)

Calibrated

 

0.84

(0.69, 1.03)

 

0.98

(0.82, 1.16)

 

1.32

(1.02, 1.73)

 

0.72

(0.41, 1.29)

 

1.05

(0.91, 1.21)

  1. astratified by age (one-year age groups), sex, study center, adjusted for education (five categories), body weight (continuous), body height (continuous), total energy intake (continuous), alcohol consumption (continuous), physical activity (four categories), smoking status (seven categories), smoking duration (six categories); CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard rate; N, number.
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