TY - JOUR AU - Kent, D. M. AU - Hayward, R. A. PY - 2007 DA - 2007// TI - Limitations of applying summary results of clinical trials to individual patients: the need for risk stratification JO - JAMA VL - 298 UR - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.298.10.1209 DO - 10.1001/jama.298.10.1209 ID - Kent2007 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Falk, J. A. AU - Minai, O. A. AU - Mosenifar, Z. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Inhaled and systemic corticosteroids in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease JO - Proc Am Thorac Soc VL - 5 UR - https://doi.org/10.1513/pats.200707-096ET DO - 10.1513/pats.200707-096ET ID - Falk2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Puhan, M. A. AU - Bachmann, L. M. AU - Kleijnen, J. AU - Ter Riet, G. AU - Kessels, A. G. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Inhaled drugs to reduce exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a network meta-analysis JO - BMC Med VL - 7 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-7-2 DO - 10.1186/1741-7015-7-2 ID - Puhan2009 ER - TY - CHAP PY - 2011 DA - 2011// BT - Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease PB - Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) CY - Bethesda (MD) ID - ref4 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Loke, Y. K. AU - Cavallazzi, R. AU - Singh, S. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Risk of fractures with inhaled corticosteroids in COPD: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies JO - Thorax VL - 66 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.2011.160028 DO - 10.1136/thx.2011.160028 ID - Loke2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Singh, S. AU - Amin, A. V. AU - Loke, Y. K. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids and the risk of pneumonia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis JO - Arch Intern Med VL - 169 UR - https://doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2008.550 DO - 10.1001/archinternmed.2008.550 ID - Singh2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Eddy, D. M. AU - Adler, J. AU - Patterson, B. AU - Lucas, D. AU - Smith, K. A. AU - Morris, M. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Individualized guidelines: the potential for increasing quality and reducing costs JO - Ann Intern Med VL - 154 UR - https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-154-9-201105030-00008 DO - 10.7326/0003-4819-154-9-201105030-00008 ID - Eddy2011 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Wennberg, J. E. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Tracking Medicine: A Researcher's Quest to Understand Health Care PB - Oxford University Press CY - Ne York, USA ID - Wennberg2010 ER - TY - STD TI - 27th Bethesda conference. Matching the intensity of risk factor management with the hazard for coronary disease events. September 14-15, 1995. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996, 27: 957-1047. ID - ref9 ER - TY - JOUR PY - 2002 DA - 2002// TI - Third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment anel III) final report JO - Circulation VL - 106 ID - ref10 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dorresteijn, J. A. AU - Visseren, F. L. AU - Ridker, P. M. AU - Paynter, N. P. AU - Wassink, A. M. AU - Buring, J. E. AU - van der Graaf, Y. AU - Cook, N. R. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Aspirin for primary prevention of vascular events in women: individualized prediction of treatment effects JO - Eur Heart J VL - 32 UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehr423 DO - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr423 ID - Dorresteijn2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dorresteijn, J. A. AU - Visseren, F. L. AU - Ridker, P. M. AU - Wassink, A. M. AU - Paynter, N. P. AU - van der Graaf, Y. AU - Cook, N. R. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Estimating treatment effects for individual patients based on the results of randomised clinical trials JO - BMJ VL - 343 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d5888 DO - 10.1136/bmj.d5888 ID - Dorresteijn2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hill, J. C. AU - Whitehurst, D. G. AU - Lewis, M. AU - Bryan, S. AU - Dunn, K. M. AU - Foster, N. E. AU - Konstantinou, K. AU - Main, C. J. AU - Mason, E. AU - Somerville, S. AU - Sowden, G. AU - Vohora, K. AU - Hay, E. M. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Comparison of stratified primary care management for low back pain with current best practice (STarT Back): a randomised controlled trial JO - Lancet VL - 378 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60937-9 DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60937-9 ID - Hill2011 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - The Burden of Chronic Diseases and Their Risk Factors: National and State Perspectives 2004 PB - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CY - Atlanta (GA) ID - ref14 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - United States Cancer Statistics: 1999-2007 Incidence and Mortality Web-based Report PB - Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and National Cancer Institute CY - Atlanta (GA) ID - ref15 ER - TY - JOUR AU - D'Amico, A. V. AU - Whittington, R. AU - Malkowicz, S. B. AU - Schultz, D. AU - Blank, K. AU - Broderick, G. A. AU - Tomaszewski, J. E. AU - Renshaw, A. A. AU - Kaplan, I. AU - Beard, C. J. AU - Wein, A. PY - 1998 DA - 1998// TI - Biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy, or interstitial radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer JO - JAMA VL - 280 UR - https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.280.11.969 DO - 10.1001/jama.280.11.969 ID - D'Amico1998 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Grundy, S. M. AU - Cleeman, J. I. AU - Merz, C. N. AU - Brewer, H. B. AU - Clark, L. T. AU - Hunninghake, D. B. AU - Pasternak, R. C. AU - Smith, S. C. AU - Stone, N. J. PY - 2004 DA - 2004// TI - Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines JO - Circulation VL - 110 UR - https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000133317.49796.0E DO - 10.1161/01.CIR.0000133317.49796.0E ID - Grundy2004 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - Statins for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Events PB - National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) CY - London (UK) ID - ref18 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Goldstein, L. B. AU - Adams, R. AU - Alberts, M. J. AU - Goldstein, L. B. AU - Adams, R. AU - Alberts, M. J. AU - Appel, L. J. AU - Brass, L. M. AU - Bushnell, C. D. AU - Culebras, A. AU - DeGraba, T. J. AU - Gorelick, P. B. AU - Guyton, J. R. AU - Hart, R. G. AU - Howard, G. AU - Kelly-Hayes, M. AU - Nixon, J. V. AU - Sacco, R. L. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - Primary prevention of ischemic stroke: a guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council: cosponsored by the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease Interdisciplinary Working Group; Cardiovascular Nursing Council; Clinical Cardiology Council; Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism Council; and the Quality of Care and Outcomes Research Interdisciplinary Working Group JO - Circulation VL - 113 UR - https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.621086 DO - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.621086 ID - Goldstein2006 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mosca, L. AU - Banka, C. L. AU - Benjamin, E. J. AU - Berra, K. AU - Bushnell, C. AU - Dolor, R. J. AU - Ganiats, T. G. AU - Gomes, A. S. AU - Gornik, H. L. AU - Gracia, C. AU - Gulati, M. AU - Haan, C. K. AU - Judelson, D. R. AU - Keenan, N. AU - Kelepouris, E. AU - Michos, E. D. AU - Newby, L. K. AU - Oparil, S. AU - Ouyang, P. AU - Oz, M. C. AU - Petitti, D. AU - Pinn, V. W. AU - Redberg, R. F. AU - Scott, R. AU - Sherif, K. AU - Smith, S. C. AU - Sopko, G. AU - Steinhorn, R. H. AU - Stone, N. J. AU - Taubert, K. A. PY - 2007 DA - 2007// TI - Evidence-based guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention in women: 2007 update JO - Circulation VL - 115 UR - https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.181546 DO - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.181546 ID - Mosca2007 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Cardiovascular Disease - Primary Prevention PB - British Columbia Medical Services Commission CY - Victoria (BC) ID - ref21 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Lipid modification. Cardiovascular Risk Assessment and the Modification of Blood Lipids for the Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease PB - National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) CY - London (UK) ID - ref22 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Becker, R. C. AU - Meade, T. W. AU - Berger, P. B. AU - Ezekowitz, M. AU - O'Connor, C. M. AU - Vorchheimer, D. A. AU - Guyatt, G. H. AU - Mark, D. B. AU - Harrington, R. A. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - The primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery disease: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition) JO - Chest VL - 133 UR - https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.08-0685 DO - 10.1378/chest.08-0685 ID - Becker2008 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Hypertension - Detection, Diagnosis and Management PB - British Columbia Medical Services Commission CY - Victoria (BC) ID - ref24 ER - TY - JOUR PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Aspirin for the prevention of cardiovascular disease: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement JO - Ann Intern Med VL - 150 UR - https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-150-6-200903170-00008 DO - 10.7326/0003-4819-150-6-200903170-00008 ID - ref25 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Screening and Management of Lipids PB - University of Michigan Health System CY - Ann Arbor (MI) ID - ref26 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Lipid Management in Adults PB - Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement (ICSI) CY - Bloomington (MN) ID - ref27 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Screening and Management of Hypercholesterolemia PB - Michigan Quality Improvement Consortium CY - Southfield (MI) ID - ref28 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rosenzweig, J. L. AU - Ferrannini, E. AU - Grundy, S. M. AU - Haffner, S. M. AU - Heine, R. J. AU - Horton, E. S. AU - Kawamori, R. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in patients at metabolic risk: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline JO - J Clin Endocrinol Metab VL - 93 UR - https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-0222 DO - 10.1210/jc.2008-0222 ID - Rosenzweig2008 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Type 2 Diabetes: National Clinical Guideline for Management in Primary and Secondary Care (update) PB - National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) CY - London (UK) ID - ref30 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Diabetes Care PB - British Columbia Medical Services Commission CY - Victoria (BC) ID - ref31 ER - TY - JOUR PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Standards of medical care in diabetes--2011 JO - Diabetes Care VL - 34 UR - https://doi.org/10.2337/dc11-S011 DO - 10.2337/dc11-S011 ID - ref32 ER - TY - CHAP PY - 2007 DA - 2007// BT - Common Breast Problems PB - University of Michigan Health System CY - Ann Arbor (MI) ID - ref33 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Berliner, J. L. AU - Fay, A. M. PY - 2007 DA - 2007// TI - Risk assessment and genetic counseling for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer: recommendations of the National Society of Genetic Counselors JO - J Genet Couns VL - 16 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10897-007-9090-7 DO - 10.1007/s10897-007-9090-7 ID - Berliner2007 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Visvanathan, K. AU - Chlebowski, R. AU - Hurley, P. AU - Col, N. F. AU - Ropka, M. AU - Collyar, D. AU - Morrow, M. AU - Runowicz, C. AU - Pritchard, K. I. AU - Hagerty, K. AU - Arun, B. AU - Garber, J. AU - Vogel, V. AU - Wade, J. L. AU - Brown, P. AU - Cuzick, J. AU - Kramer, B. S. AU - Lippman, S. M. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline update on the use of pharmacologic interventions including tamoxifen, raloxifene, and aromatase inhibition for breast cancer risk reduction JO - J Clin Oncol VL - 27 UR - https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2008.20.5179 DO - 10.1200/JCO.2008.20.5179 ID - Visvanathan2009 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Early and Locally Advanced Breast Cancer: Diagnosis and Treatment PB - National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) CY - London (UK) ID - ref36 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Altman, D. G. AU - Royston, P. PY - 2000 DA - 2000// TI - What do we mean by validating a prognostic model? JO - Stat Med VL - 19 UR - https://doi.org/3.0.CO;2-5 DO - 3.0.CO;2-5 ID - Altman2000 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Altman, D. G. AU - Vergouwe, Y. AU - Royston, P. AU - Moons, K. G. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Prognosis and prognostic research: validating a prognostic model JO - BMJ VL - 338 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b605 DO - 10.1136/bmj.b605 ID - Altman2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bleeker, S. E. AU - Moll, H. A. AU - Steyerberg, E. W. AU - Donders, A. R. AU - Derksen-Lubsen, G. AU - Grobbee, D. E. AU - Moons, K. G. PY - 2003 DA - 2003// TI - External validation is necessary in prediction research: a clinical example JO - J Clin Epidemiol VL - 56 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0895-4356(03)00207-5 DO - 10.1016/S0895-4356(03)00207-5 ID - Bleeker2003 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Quanstrum, K. H. AU - Hayward, R. A. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Lessons from the mammography wars JO - N Engl J Med VL - 363 UR - https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsb1002538 DO - 10.1056/NEJMsb1002538 ID - Quanstrum2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Guyatt, G. H. AU - Oxman, A. D. AU - Kunz, R. AU - Falck-Ytter, Y. AU - Vist, G. E. AU - Liberati, A. AU - Schünemann, H. J. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Going from evidence to recommendations JO - BMJ VL - 336 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39493.646875.AE DO - 10.1136/bmj.39493.646875.AE ID - Guyatt2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pignone, M. AU - Earnshaw, S. AU - Pletcher, M. J. AU - Tice, J. A. PY - 2007 DA - 2007// TI - Aspirin for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women: a cost-utility analysis JO - Arch Intern Med VL - 167 UR - https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.167.3.290 DO - 10.1001/archinte.167.3.290 ID - Pignone2007 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Balshem, H. AU - Helfand, M. AU - Schünemann, H. J. AU - Oxman, A. D. AU - Kunz, R. AU - Brozek, J. AU - Vist, G. E. AU - Falck-Ytter, Y. AU - Meerpohl, J. AU - Norris, S. AU - Guyatt, G. H. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - GRADE guidelines: 3. Rating the quality of evidence JO - J Clin Epidemiol VL - 64 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.07.015 DO - 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.07.015 ID - Balshem2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Guyatt, G. H. AU - Oxman, A. D. AU - Vist, G. AU - Kunz, R. AU - Brozek, J. AU - Alonso-Coello, P. AU - Montori, V. AU - Akl, E. A. AU - Djulbegovic, B. AU - Falck-Ytter, Y. AU - Norris, S. L. AU - Williams, J. W. AU - Atkins, D. AU - Meerpohl, J. AU - Schünemann, H. J. PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - GRADE guidelines: 4. Rating the quality of evidence--study limitations (risk of bias) JO - J Clin Epidemiol VL - 64 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.07.017 DO - 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.07.017 ID - Guyatt2011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Guo, J. J. AU - Pandey, S. AU - Doyle, J. AU - Bian, B. AU - Lis, Y. AU - Raisch, D. W. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - A review of quantitative risk-benefit methodologies for assessing drug safety and efficacy - report of the ISPOR risk-benefit management working group JO - Value Health VL - 13 UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4733.2010.00725.x DO - 10.1111/j.1524-4733.2010.00725.x ID - Guo2010 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2011 DA - 2011// TI - Finding What Works in Health Care. Standards for Systematic Reviews PB - The National Academies Press CY - Washington, DC ID - ref46 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Kreis, J. AU - Puhan, M. A. AU - Schünemann, H. J. AU - Dickersin, K. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Consumer involvement in systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research BT - Health Expect ID - Kreis2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nilsen, E. S. AU - Myrhaug, H. T. AU - Johansen, M. AU - Oliver, S. AU - Oxman, A. D. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - Methods of consumer involvement in developing healthcare policy and research, clinical practice guidelines and patient information material JO - Cochrane Database Syst Rev VL - 3 ID - Nilsen2006 ER - TY - STD TI - The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/11/7/prepub UR - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/11/7/prepub ID - ref49 ER -