From: Reporting of analyses from randomized controlled trials with multiple arms: a systematic review
All trials, n = 298 | Trial design | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Parallel group, n = 221 | Parallel group with factorial, n = 37 | Crossover (n = 40) | ||
Reporting item | ||||
Study hypothesis defined | 238 (79.9) | 173 (78.3) | 33 (89.1) | 32 (80.0) |
Baseline characteristics available per group | 253 (84.9) | 196 (88.7) | 28 (75.7) | 29 (72.5) |
Results on outcomes available per group | 250 (83.9) | 190 (85.0) | 27 (73.0) | 33 (82.5) |
Global test comparison | ||||
Planned | 171 (57.4) | 127 (57.5) | 23 (62.2) | 21 (52.5) |
Reported | 116 (38.9) | 84 (38.0) | 18 (48.7) | 14 (35.0) |
Pairwise test comparisons | ||||
Planned | 180 (60.4) | 144 (65.2) | 11 (29.7) | 25 (62.5) |
Reported | 204 (68.5) | 162 (73.3) | 15 (40.5) | 27 (67.5) |
Sample-size calculation | ||||
Reported | 210 (70.5) | 159 (72.0) | 30 (81.1) | 21 (52.5) |
Taken into account in the multi-arm design | 41/210 (19.5) | 35/159 (22.0) | 5/30 (16.7) | 1/21 (4.8) |
Adjustment method used to control type I error due to multiple-arm design a | 118 (39.6) | 89 (40.3) | 10 (27.0) | 19 (47.50) |
Title identified the study as a multiple-arm trial | 130 (43.6) | 101 (45.7) | 19 (51.4) | 10 (25.0) |