Effect of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on prostate cancer incidence and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Liu, Yanqiong; Chen, Jun-Qiang; Xie, Li; Wang, Jian; Li, Taijie; He, Yu; Gao, Yong; Qin, Xue; Li, Shan

doi:10.1186/1741-7015-12-55

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies: any NSAIDs use and PCa incidence risk

From: Effect of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on prostate cancer incidence and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Study	Study location	Cases (number)	Controls (number)	Age (y)^a	Exposure period	Drugs studied	Outcome (number)	Information source	Confounders for adjustment	Quality score
Case–control studies
Veitonmaki, 2013 [37]	Finland	24,657	24,657	68	1995–2002	ASA/NSAIDs/ NA-NSAIDs/ COX-2 inhibitors	Total/advanced PCa	Database	1–5	8
Kopp, 2013 [22]	Denmark	334	334	59.0	1993–1997	NSAIDs	Total PCa	Questionnaire	1, 6, 7	4
Vinogradova, 2011 [21]	UK	14,764	192,081	69	1997–2008	COX-2 inhibitors	Total PCa	Database	1, 8–11	7
Murad, 2011 [36]	UK	1,016	5,043	63	2001–2008	ASA/NSAIDs/ NA-NSAIDs	Total PCa	Questionnaire	1, 12–15	6
Mahmud, 2011 [33]	Canada	9,007	36,028	73	1985–2000	ASA/NSAIDs/ NA-NSAIDs	Total PCa	Database	1, 14–17	6
Salinas, 2010 [32]	USA	1,001	942	63	2002–2005	ASA/ NA-NSAIDs/ COX-2 inhibitors	Total/advanced PCa	Questionnaire	1, 17–18	7
Harris, 2007 [31]	USA	229	285	NR	2002–2004	ASA/ NA-NSAIDs/ COX-2 inhibitors	Total PCa	Interview	1, 6, 19–21	5
Menezes, 2006 [17]	USA	1,029	1,029	67	1982–1998	ASA	Total/advanced PCa	Questionnaire	1, 6, 12	4
Mahmud, 2006 [30]	Canada	494	805	64	1999–2003	ASA/ NSAIDs/ NA-NSAIDs/ COX-2 inhibitors	Total/advanced PCa	Questionnaire	1, 12, 14, 15, 22–25	6
Liu, 2006 [29]	USA	506	506	NR	2001–2004	ASA/ NSAIDs / NA-NSAIDs	Advanced PCa	Interview	1, 18, 26	5
Dasgupta, 2006 [28]	Canada	2,025	2,150	73	1999–2002	ASA/ NA-NSAIDs	Total PCa	Database	1, 27	6
Bosetti, 2006 [16]	Italy	1,261	1,131	65	1991–2002	ASA	Total/advanced PCa	Questionnaire	1, 7, 12, 28	5
Perron, 2003 [26]	Canada	2,221	11,105	75.7	1993–1995	ASA/ NA-NSAIDs	Total PCa	Database	1, 29	6
Irani, 2002 [11]	France	639	659	66.8	1999–2000	ASA/ NA-NSAIDs	Total PCa	Questionnaire	1, 14, 15, 18, 27, 30–32	6
Nelson, 2000 [23]	USA	417	420	64.0	1992–1995	NA-NSAIDs/ NSAIDs	Total PCa	Interview	1, 18, 23	6
Langman, 2000 [35]	UK	1,813	5,354	NR	1993–1995	NSAIDs	Total PCa	Database	1, 9	6
Norrish, 1998 [10]	New Zealand	317	480	70.0	1996	ASA/ NSAIDs/ NA-NSAIDs	Total/advanced PCa	Questionnaire	1, 33–36	7
Neugut, 1998 [9]	USA	319	189	69.0	1984–1986	ASA	Total PCa	Medical notes	1, 18, 13, 22	6
Cohort studies			All subjects (number)		Median follow-up (y)
Shebl, 2012 [34]	USA	3,573	29,450	62.8	11.7	ASA/NA-NSAIDs	Total/advanced PCa	Questionnaire	1, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 28	6
Dhillon, 2011 [20]	USA	4,858	51,529	64.8	18.0	ASA	Total/advanced PCa	Questionnaire	1, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 20, 31, 36–39	8
Brasky, 2010 [19]	USA	1,550	34,132	50–76	NR	ASA/ NA-NSAIDs	Total/advanced PCa	Questionnaire and Database	1, 6, 7, 12, 13, 18, 22, 39–45	5
Jacobs, 2007 [18]	USA	1,076	69,810	NR	104,854 person-years	ASA	Total PCa	Questionnaire and medical records	1, 6, 7, 9, 13, 15, 18, 20, 22, 45–47	7
Platz, 2005 [15]	USA	141	1,244	70.0	9.0	ASA/NSAIDs/ NA-NSAIDs	Total PCa	Questionnaire	1, 14, 15, 23, 37,	7
Jacobs, 2005 [14]	USA	4,853	70,144	NR	1992–2001	ASA/NSAIDs/ NA-NSAIDs	Total/advanced PCa	Questionnaire	1, 7, 12, 13, 18, 22, 45,	7
G-Rodriguez, 2004 [27]	UK	2,183	12,183	50–79	1995–2001	ASA/NA-NSAIDs	Total/advanced PCa	Database	1, 14, 15, 17, 37, 48	8
Sorensen, 2003 [13]	Denmark	324	172,057	NR	5.4	NA-NSAIDs	Total PCa	Database	1, 10, 11	7
Friis, 2003 [12]	Denmark	196	29,470	70.0	4.1	ASA	Total PCa	Database	1, 10, 11	7
Roberts, 2002 [25]	USA	91	1,362	64.0	5.5	NSAIDs	Total PCa	Questionnaire	1, 10, 12, 20	7
Habel, 2002 [24]	USA	2,574	90,100	18–84	14.0	ASA	Total/advanced PCa	Questionnaire	1, 7, 17, 18,	6
Schreinemachers, 1994 [8]	USA	123	12,668	65.0	12.4	ASA	Total PCa	Interview	1, 7, 9, 18, 21	5
Paganini-Hill, 1989 [7]	USA	149	5106	73	6.5	ASA	Total PCa	Questionnaire	1	3

^aaverage, median or range.Confounders for adjustment: 1, age; 2, benign prostatic hyperplasia medication use; 3, anti-diabetic medication; 4, cholesterol-lowering medication use; 5, antihypertensive medication use; 6, body mass index; 7, school education; 8, deprivation; 9, smoking; 10, comorbidities; 11, use of medication; 12, family history of prostate cancer; 13, diabetes status; 14, aspirin use; 15, any NA-NSAID use; 16, ever visited a urologist 1 to 11 years prior; 17, screened and volume of family physician visits; 18, race; 19, family history; 20, physical activity; 21, alcohol intake; 22, history of heart disease; 23, intake of acetaminophen; 24, reasons for referral and prostate volume; 25, selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors use; 26, medical institution; 27, finasteride use; 28, study center; 29, recent medical contacts; 30, farming; 31, frequency of red meat and red wine consumption; 32, urological center; 33, socio-economic status; 34, total polyunsaturated fat consumption; 35, α-linolenic acid; 36, fatty acids; 37, period; 38, height; 39, vitamin; 40, osteoarthritis; 41, rheumatoid arthritis; 42, chronic joint pain; 43, chronic headaches; 44, migraines; 45, PSA test in the past two years; 46, history of colorectal endoscopy; 47, hypertension; 48, prior benign prostate hyperplasia history. ASA, aspirin; COX-2, cyclooxygenase enzymes-2; NA-NSAIDs, non-aspirin NSAIDs; NR, not reported; PCa, prostate cancer; y, years.

Back to article page

ISSN: 1741-7015

Contact us

Submission enquiries: bmcmedicineeditorial@biomedcentral.com
General enquiries: info@biomedcentral.com

BMC Medicine

Contact us