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Table 1 Relative risks1 of four different categories of alcohol consumption on disease incidence and all-cause mortality, both for men (upper row) and women (lower row)

From: The cost-effectiveness of increasing alcohol taxes: a modelling study

 

Abstinence

Moderate2

Excessive2

Dangerous2

Coronary heart disease

1

0.82

0.84

0.88

 

1

0.82

0.84

0.88

Stroke

1

0.60

0.92

1.79

 

1

0.58

0.48

7.96

Oesophageal cancer

1

1.80

2.37

4.26

 

1

1.80

2.37

4.26

Breast cancer

1

1

1

1

 

1

1.09

1.31

1.68

Laryngeal cancer

1

1.83

3.90

4.93

 

1

1.83

3.90

4.93

Oral cavity cancer

1

1.45

1.85

5.39

 

1

1.45

1.85

5.39

All-cause mortality

1

0.91

1.15

1.35

 

1

0.96

1.35

1.49

  1. 1For 95% confidence intervals for all relative risks, see Holman et al [18].
  2. 2Definitions of alcohol consumption categories:
  3. moderate: fewer than two standard drinks (< 20 g) per day for women, and fewer than four standard drinks (< 40 g) per day for men;
  4. excessive: 2–4 standard drinks (20–40 g) per day for women, and 4–6 standard drinks (40–60 g) per day for men;
  5. dangerous: more than four standard drinks (> 40 g) per day for women, and more than six standard drinks (> 60 g) per day for men.