Table 20 Bladder cancer; meta-analysis results
From: Systematic review of the relation between smokeless tobacco and cancer in Europe and North America
| Â | Â | Â | Â | Heterogeneity | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type of ST (region)a | Adjustments/restrictionsb | Number of estimates (RR/OR ids)c | Random-effects RR/OR (95% CI) | χ2 | I2 | P(χ2) |
Any | Overall data | 14 (3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 21, 22, 27, 31) | 1.00 (0.80–1.25) | 28.7 | 54.7 | 0.007 |
|  | Smoking-adjusted | 10 (3, 4, 8, 9, 12, 17, 21, 22, 27, 31) | 0.95 (0.71–1.29) | 22.3 | 59.6 | 0.008 |
|  | Never smokers | 6 (4, 8, 9, 21, 22, 28) | 1.10 (0.60–2.02) | 7.7 | 35.1 | 0.173 |
Any (USA) | Overall data | 9 (7, 8, 9, 12, 13, 16, 21, 22, 27) | 1.11 (0.85–1.45) | 14.8 | 45.9 | 0.064 |
|  | Smoking-adjusted | 6 (8, 9, 12, 21, 22, 27) | 1.24 (0.83–1.85) | 10.4 | 52.1 | 0.064 |
|  | Never smokers | 5 (8, 9, 21, 22, 28) | 1.25 (0.69–2.26) | 5.6 | 29.2 | 0.227 |
Snuff (Scandinavia)d | Overall data | 1 (3) | 0.83 (0.62–1.11) | -- | -- | -- |
|  | Smoking-adjusted | 1 (3) | 0.83 (0.62–1.11) | -- | -- | -- |