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Table 5 Reproducibility and validation of models

From: Reporting performance of prognostic models in cancer: a review

Topic

% (n = 47) articles

Model validation included

34 (16)

Validation dataset*

 

   Same data (bootstrap)

13 (6)

   Same population, new data**

23 (11)

   External (that is, new population setting)

11 (5)

   Larger series including original sample

0 (0)

Validation of models

 

   Final model with same coefficients and variables

26 (12)

   Unclear reporting

9 (4)

Modifications suggested to model in light of validation?

0 (0)

  1. * Five studies included validation with more than one dataset.
  2. ** Methods used by studies were as follows: five studies used a random split, two used temporal split, five used cross validation, one used the jacknife method. Two studies used two and three methods respectively.