Table 2 Reasons for excluding retrieved studies
Study | Reason for exclusion (studies may have also met other exclusion criteria) |
|---|---|
Browder DA, et al. (2007)[37] | Not a two-group plus subgroup covariate RCT or multi-arm subgroup system RCT |
Cairns MC, et al. (2006)[38] | Not a trial of targeted versus non-targeted manual therapy or exercise |
Celestini M, et al. (2005)[39] | Not a trial of targeted versus non-targeted manual therapy or exercise |
Cherkin DC, et al. (1998)[40] | Not a trial of targeted versus non-targeted manual therapy and/or exercise |
Childs JD, et al. (2003)[41] | Not an RCT |
Chiradejnant A, et al. (2002)[42] | Not a two-group plus subgroup covariate RCT or multi-arm subgroup-system RCT |
Chiradejnant A and Kanlayanaphotporn R (2005)[43] | Conference abstract only |
Chiradejnant A, et al. (2003)[44] | More than 15% with neurological signs |
Clare HA, et al. (2007)[45] | No relevant outcome measures |
Descarreaux M, et al. (2002)[46] | Not a two-group plus subgroup covariate RCT or multi-arm subgroup system RCT |
Elnaggar IM, et al. (1991)[47] | Not a trial of targeted versus non-targeted manual therapy and/or exercise |
Erhard, RE, et al. (1994)[48] | Targeted versus targeted treatment |
Fritz JM, et al. (2003)[20] | Not a two-group plus subgroup covariate RCT or multi-arm subgroup system RCT |
Fritz JM, Whitman JM, Childs JD. (2005)[49] | Post-hoc analysis (hypothesis-setting) |
Fritz JM, et al. (2007)[50] | More than 15% with neurological signs |
Geisser ME, et al. (2005)[51] | Not a two-group plus subgroup covariate RCT or multi-arm subgroup system RCT |
Gillan MG, et al. (1998)[52] | Not NSLBP |
Goodsell M, et al. (2000)[53] | Targeted versus no treatment |
Greenman PE (1996)[54] | Not an RCT |
Hough E, et al. (2007)[55] | Not a trial of targeted versus non-targeted manual therapy and/or exercise |
Konstantinou K, et al. (2007)[56] | Cross-over trial, effect size diluted |
Mayer JM, et al. (2005)[57] | Not a trial of targeted versus non-targeted manual therapy and/or exercise |
Miller ER, et al. (2005)[58] | Baseline-scores are not similar between groups (T-test) |
Monticone M, et al. (2004)[59] | Effects of manual therapy, traction or exercise not reported independently of other treatments |
Mujic, SE, et al. (2004)[60] | Not a trial of targeted versus non-targeted manual therapy and/or exercise |
Newton WP (1995)[61] | Not an RCT |
North American Spine Society Board of Directors (2003)[62] | Not an RCT |
O'Brien N, et al. (2006)[63] | Not a trial of targeted versus non-targeted manual therapy and/or exercise |
O'Sullivan PB, et al. (1997)[64] | Not a two-group plus subgroup covariate RCT or multi-arm subgroup system RCT |
Petersen T, et al. (2002)[65] | Not a two-group plus subgroup covariate RCT or multi-arm subgroup system RCT |
Petersen T, et al. (2007)[66] | Not a two-group plus subgroup covariate RCT or multi-arm subgroup system RCT |
Riipinen M, et al. (2005)[67] | Hypothesis-generating study, not hypothesis-testing study |
Rossignol M, et al. (2000)[68] | No relevant intervention |
Schenk RJ, et al. (2003)[69] | More than 15% with neurological signs |
Skikiæ EM, et al. (2004)[70] | Not a trial of targeted versus non-targeted manual therapy and/or exercise |
Spratt, KF, et al. (1993)[71] | Effects of manual therapy, traction or exercise not reported independently of other treatments |
Stankovic R, Johnell O (1990)[72] | Not a trial of targeted versus non-targeted manual therapy and/or exercise |
Sweetman BJ, et al. (1993)[73] | Not a trial of targeted versus non-targeted manual therapy or exercise |
Wright A, et al. (2005)[74] | Not a trial of targeted versus non-targeted manual therapy and/or exercise |