Table 4 Included studies interventions, intensity and outcome measures
| Study | Intervention | Intensity - mean hours delivered (SD) | Measurement time points | Outcome measures | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Extra | Control | Extra | Baseline | Outcome | Follow-up 1 | Follow-up 2 | ||
| Cooke 2009 | Conventional physical therapy - lower limb from usual staff |
9.2 (6.9) | 23.0 (10.4) | Pre-intervention | After 6 weeks of intervention | 12 weeks after end treatment | NA |
▪ Walking speed ▪ Ability to walk at 0.8 m/s or more ▪ Modified Rivermead Mobility Index ▪ Knee flexion peak torque ▪ Knee extension peak torque | |
| Extra from research staff | |||||||||
| Donaldson 2009 | Conventional physical therapy - upper limb from usual staff |
2.81 (3.7) |
13.8 (27.1) | Pre-intervention | After 6 weeks of intervention | 12 weeks after end treatment |
▪ Action Research Arm Test ▪ 9 hole peg test ▪ Hand grip force ▪ Pinch grip force ▪ Elbow flexion force - isometric ▪ Elbow extension force - isometric | ||
| Extra from research staff | |||||||||
| GAPS 2004 | Treatment broadly based on 'normal movement' (Bobath approach) from usual staff. |
Average 21 (no data) |
Average 34 (no data) | Pre-intervention | After 4 weeks of intervention | 3 months after start treatment | 6 months after start treatment |
▪ Rivermead Mobility Index ▪ Motricty Index | |
| Lincoln 1999 | Treatment based on the Bobath approach from usual staff | No data |
Median 9.58 extra to control (IQR 4.7-10) | Pre-intervention | After 5 weeks of intervention | 3 months after start treatment | 6 months after start treatment |
▪ Rivermead Arm Assessment ▪ Action Research Arm Test ▪ Rivermead Motor Assess - gross function ▪ 10-hole Peg Teat ▪ Maximum grip strength | |
| Extra from research staff | |||||||||
| Kwakkel 1999 & 2002 | Routine arm & leg training using evidenced-based guidelines from usual staff |
27.5 arm & 23.2 leg* |
Arm group
91.8* | Pre-intervention | After 20 weeks treatment | 26 weeks after start treatment | 52 weeks after start treatment |
Arm group
▪ Action Research Arm Test ▪ Frenchay Activities Index | |
|
Arm group
Arm training from usual staffLeg group Leg training from usual staff | leg* |
Leg group
84.2* |
Leg group
▪ Comfortable walking speed ▪ Maximum walking speed ▪ Functional Ambulation Categories | ||||||
| Partridge 2000 | Bobath method of treatment from usual staff | No data | No data | Pre-intervention | After 6 weeks of intervention | 6 months after start treatment | NA |
▪ Functional reach ▪ 5-metre timed walk ▪ Timed sit-to-stand | |
| Rodgers 2003 | Normal movement approach (Bobath) within meaningful activity and task analysis from usual staff | 17.4 | 24.9 | Pre-intervention | None | 3 months after stroke | 6 months after stroke |
▪ Action Research Arm Test ▪ Upper Limb Motricity Index ▪ Frenchay Arm Test | |