Table 4 Characteristics of included randomized trials with effects on weight management, blood glucose and blood lipids
|
Author, Year, Country |
Population, Mean BMI (kg/m2) |
Sweetener 1: Type, Quantity (g/d) |
Sweetener 2: Type, Quantity (g/d) |
Daily Diet (carbohydrate/ fat/protein) |
Study design, Follow-up, Sample size |
Mean age (y), % female |
Allocation concealment, Jadad score, Funding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-caloric versus Saccharide | |||||||
|
Reid [61] 2007 UK |
General 23 |
Aspartame 3.56 |
Sucrose 42 | Ad lib |
RCT 4 wk 133 |
32 100 |
Unclear 1 Public |
|
Raben [63] 2002 Denmark |
Overweight 28 |
Aspartame/Acesulfame/ Cyclamate/Saccharin 0.48-0.67 |
Sucrose 125-175 | Ad lib |
RCT 10 wk 41 |
35 85 |
Unclear 1 Mixeda |
|
Chantelau [62] 1985 Germany |
DM1 < 25 |
Cyclamate 348 mg |
Sucrose 24 |
Restricted to no other added sweeteners however sucrose-sweetened soft drinks were discouraged |
xRCT 2 4wk periods 10 |
Range 25-43 80 |
Unclear 1 - |
| Saccharide versus Saccharide | |||||||
|
Okuno [68] 2010 Japan |
General 23 |
Isomaltulose/ Sucrose 40 |
Sucrose 40 | Ad lib |
RCT 12 wk 50 |
53 80 |
Unclear 2 Private |
|
Tudor Ngo Sock [64] 2010 Netherlands |
General 19-25 |
Fructose 3.5 g/kg FFM |
Glucose 3.5 g/kg FFM |
Total and distribution of energy restricted 55/30/15% |
xRCT 2 1wk periods (2-3wk wo) 11 |
25 0 |
Unclear 1 Mixed |
|
Yaghoobi [69] 2008 Iran |
Overweight/ Obese 31 |
Honey 70 |
Sucrose 70 | Ad lib |
RCT Max 30d 55 |
42 56 |
Unclear 1 Public |
|
Boesch [70] 2001 Switzerland |
General < 25 |
Tagatose 45 |
Sucrose 45 | Ad lib |
xRCT 2 28d periods (28d wo) 12 |
Range 21-30 0 |
Inadequate 2 - |
|
Bantle [65] 2000 US |
General 25 |
Fructose 80 (incl 17 g glucose) |
Glucose 80 (incl 15 g fructose) |
Total and distribution of energy restricted 55/30/15% |
xRCT 2 42d periods 24 |
41 50 |
Unclear 1 Public |
|
Luo [71] 2000 Belgium |
DM2 28 |
FOS 20 |
Sucrose 20 | Ad lib |
xRCT 2 4wk periods (2wk wo) 10 |
57 40 |
Unclear 1 Private |
|
Alles [73] 1999 Netherlands |
DM2 28 |
FOS Saccharide 30 |
Glucose Saccharide 8 | Ad lib |
xRCT 2 20d periods 20 |
59 55 |
Unclear 1 Mixed |
|
Luo [72] 1996 France |
General 21 |
FOS 20 |
Sucrose 20 |
Low-fiber diet recommended |
xRCT 2 4wk periods (2wk wo) 12 |
24 0 |
Unclear 2 Private |
|
Bantle [67] 1986 US |
50% DM1/50% DM2 - |
Sucrose 23% |
Fructose 21% |
Total and distribution of energy restricted 55/30/15% |
xRCT 2 8d periods 24 |
43 54 |
Unclear 1 Mixed |
|
Macdonald [66] 1973 UK |
General - |
Sucrose 6.5 g/kg |
Glucose 6.5 g/kg |
Restricted to 1 g/kg calcium caseinate |
xRCT 2 11d periods (2wk wo) 10 |
Range 20-25 40 |
Unclear 1 Private |