|
Group
|
PYD
|
FYD
| | |
|---|
|
Variable
|
Before
|
After
|
P
i
|
Before
|
After
|
P
i
|
P
ii
|
P
iii
|
|---|
|
Weight
|
78.1 ± 13.0
|
78.8 ± 13.2
|
0.058
|
77.6 ± 13.1
|
77.0 ± 12.8
|
0.003
|
0.83
|
0.49
|
|
Waist (cm)
|
101.34 ± 9.1
|
102.5 ± 9.2
|
0.035
|
98.25 ± 9.2
|
97.5 ± 8.8
|
0.013
|
0.090
|
0.007
|
|
BMI (kg/m
2
)
|
30.0 ± 4.2
|
30.2 ± 4.3
|
0.079
|
28.6 ± 4.0
|
28.4 ± 4.0
|
0.005
|
0.09
|
0.03
|
|
Fat mass (%)
|
38.6 ± 9.6
|
39.8 ± 9.5
|
0.019
|
36.2 ± 8.8
|
34.7 ± 9.4
|
0.22
|
0.22
|
0.01
|
|
SBP (mm Hg)
|
128.2 ± 16.6
|
125.7 ± 6.9
|
0.22
|
125.7 ± 14.4
|
118.5 ± 21.0
|
0.007
|
0.42
|
0.056
|
|
DBP (mm Hg)
|
77.8 ± 10.8
|
77.0 ± 9.3
|
0.62
|
78.5 ± 10.3
|
73.4 ± 8.5
|
0.002
|
0.42
|
0.02
|
|
FSG (mmol/L)
|
9.6 ± 2.6
|
10.0 ± 3.2
|
0.32
|
10.5 ± 3.1
|
9.0 ± 2.8
|
0.001
|
0.13
|
0.10
|
|
Insulin(pmol/L)
|
177.8 ± 80.6
|
204.2 ± 90.3
|
0.01
|
141.0 ± 113.2
|
111.0 ± 82.0
|
0.002
|
0.06
|
0.001
|
|
HbA1c (%)
|
8.9 ± 1.6
|
8.5 ± 1.6
|
0.087
|
8.7 ± 1.8
|
7.8 ± 1.3
|
0.001
|
0.10
|
0.015
|
|
QUICKI
|
0.28 ± 0.02
|
0.27 ± 0.02
|
0.041
|
0.29 ± 0.02
|
0.30 ± 0.02
|
0.001
|
0.03
|
0.001
|
|
TG (mmol/L)
|
10.1 ± 4.8
|
10.1 ± 5.2
|
0.98
|
10.3 ± 5.3
|
8.6 ± 4.5
|
0.01
|
0.86
|
0.001
|
|
HDL-C (mmol/L)
|
2.5 ± 0.5
|
2.4 ± 0.5
|
0.52
|
2.6 ± .46
|
2.8 ± .42
|
0.043
|
0.15
|
0.001
|
|
TC (mmol/L)
|
10.1 ± 2.7
|
10.0 ± 3.0
|
0.68
|
10.3 ± 3.1
|
9.2 ± 1.8
|
0.001
|
0.68
|
0.10
|
|
LDL-C (mmol/L)
|
6.15 ± 1.8
|
6.1 ± 1.8
|
0.52
|
5.5 ± 1.7
|
5.0 ± 1.3
|
0.003
|
0.12
|
0.001
|
|
25(OH)D (nmol/L)
|
38.0 ± 22.8
|
33.4 ± 22.8
|
0.28
|
38.5 ± 20.2
|
72.0 ± 23.5
|
0.001
|
0.90
|
0.001
|
|
iPTH (ng/L)
|
55.0 ± 22.5
|
59.1 ± 18.2
|
0.28
|
52.5 ± 24.1
|
40.1 ± 15.6
|
0.001
|
0.12
|
0.001
|
|
ACR (mg/mmol)
|
41.8 ± 106.2
|
44.1 ± 158.2
|
0.88
|
36.2 ± 99.4
|
31.6 ± 68.9
|
0.61
|
0.74
|
0.40
|
|
Endothelin (μg/L)
|
0.80 ± 0.40
|
0.88 ± 0.41
|
0.67
|
0.9 5 ± 0.38
|
0.75 ± 0.64
|
0.001
|
0.50
|
0.06
|
|
E-selectin (μg/L)
|
16.1 ± 6.5
|
17.1 ± 6.9
|
0.42
|
18.1 ± 7.1
|
14.4 ± 5.7
|
0.001
|
0.14
|
0.035
|
|
MMP-9 (μg/L)
|
9.2 ± 5.3
|
9.6 ± 4.7
|
0.66
|
10.6 ± 4.2
|
8.3 ± 3.7
|
0.001
|
0.15
|
0.12
|
- Data presented as mean ± standard deviation or percentage unless stated otherwise.
-
P
i: within group difference; P
ii: between-group at the baseline; P iii: between group after the intervention
- FYD: vitamin D-fortified doogh; PYD: plain doogh
