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Table 1 Distribution of participants by age and risk groupa

From: EEG complexity as a biomarker for autism spectrum disorder risk

 

Age

 

6 months

9 months

12 months

18 months

24 months

Parameter

HRA

CON

HRA

CON

HRA

CON

HRA

CON

HRA

CON

Number of infants

14

16

16

12

23

17

15

7

14

9

Males, n = 59

6

6

8

4

10

6

8

3

4

4

Females, n = 84

8

10

8

8

13

11

7

4

10

5

Total, N = 143

30

28

40

22

23

Demographic information

   Mean age, days

189

185

272

273

366

362

549

541

725

727

   SD

11.7

8.6

5.1

3.6

9.4

9.0

12.4

6.2

9.1

12.4

   Mean height, in

26.5

26.1

27.8

27.2

29.8

29.5

32.1

32.1

34.1

34.8

   SD

1.9

1.0

0.7

1.6

1.0

1.5

1.7

1.2

1.1

1.2

   P value

0.46

0.18

0.53

0.97

0.24

   Mean head circumference, mm

434

435

459

447

465

466

484

481

492

493

   SD

12.7

12.2

13.7

15.8

12.5

18.0

11.4

18.8

16.7

17.2

   P value

0.93

0.04

0.87

0.61

0.53

mMSE over channel groups

   Total mMSE

2.02

1.93

2.07

2.02

2.05

1.87

2.16

1.97

2.07

1.96

   SD

0.15

0.21

0.20

0.36

0.20

0.35

0.22

0.10

0.14

0.15

   P value

0.17

0.71

0.07

0.01

0.13

   Frontal mMSE

2.02

1.93

2.12

2.08

2.10

1.94

2.18

2.01

2.08

2.00

   SD

0.15

0.21

0.20

0.36

0.20

0.35

0.22

0.12

0.11

0.13

   P value

0.04

0.39

0.11

0.04

0.21

   Left frontal mMSE

1.94

1.81

1.94

1.91

2.01

1.82

2.06

1.91

2.03

1.88

   SD

0.15

0.20

0.20

0.31

0.16

0.32

0.21

0.13

0.13

0.15

   P value

0.05

0.72

0.04

0.07

0.03

  1. aA total of 79 different infants (46 HRA and 33 CON) participated in this study. Some infants participated in multiple sessions at different ages, raising the total to 143 recording sessions. Also shown are measured demographic variables (age, height and head circumference) and mean multiscale entropy (mMSE) values over three regions: whole head, frontal and left frontal. Statistically significant differences between HRA and CON groups are highlighted in boldface. HRA, high risk for autism, CON, controls; SD, standard deviation.