| Sample size, n(%) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic variable | Total, N(%) | White | Irish | Black Caribbean | Bangladeshi | Indian | Pakistani | Pvalue |
 |  | 835 (19.5) | 733 (17.1) | 691 (16.1) | 650 (15.2) | 648 (15.1) | 724 (16.9) |  |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Male | 1,950 (45.5) | 365 (43.7) | 323 (44.1) | 280 (40.5) | 321 (49.4) | 316 (48.8) | 345 (47.7) | ≤0.04 |
   Female | 2,332 (54.5) | 471 (56.1) | 410 (55.9) | 412 (59.5) | 329 (50.6) | 331 (51.2) | 379 (52.3) |  |
Age, yr | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   16 to 34 | 1,774 (41.4) | 260 (31.1) | 209 (28.5) | 269 (38.9) | 376 (57.8) | 248 (38.3) | 412 (56.9) | ≤0.001 |
   35 to 54 | 1,647 (38.5) | 355 (42.5) | 345 (47.1) | 251 (36.3) | 187 (28.7) | 280 (43.2) | 229 (21.6) |  |
   55 to 74 | 862 (20.1) | 221 (26.4) | 179 (24.4) | 171 (24.7) | 88 (13.5) | 120 (18.5) | 83 (11.5) |  |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Married | 2,674 (62.5) | 518 (62.1) | 461 (62.8) | 279 (40.4) | 446 (68.7) | 464 (71.7) | 506 (69.9) | ≤0.001 |
   Divorced/separated | 313 (7.3) | 75 (9) | 78 (10.6) | 84 (12.2) | 18 (2.8) | 32 (4.9) | 26 (3.6) |  |
   Widowed | 142 (3.3) | 36 (4.3) | 25 (3.4) | 18 (2.6) | 28 (4.3) | 19 (2.9) | 16 (2.2) |  |
   Single | 1,150 (26.9) | 205 (24.6) | 170 (23.2) | 310 (44.9) | 157 (24.2) | 132 (20.4) | 176 (24.3) |  |
Employment status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Employed | 2,273 (55) | 536 (66.4) | 490 (69) | 376 (57.4) | 181 (29.1) | 394 (61.9) | 296 (42.4) | ≤0.001 |
   Unemployed | 168 (4.1) | 10 (1.2) | 12 (1.7) | 39 (6) | 40 (6.4) | 33 (5.2) | 34 (4.9) |  |
   Retired | 446 (10.8) | 130 (16.1) | 96 (13.5) | 97 (14.8) | 33 (5.3) | 49 (7.7) | 41 (5.9) |  |
   Other economically inactive | 1,242 (30.1) | 131 (16.2) | 112 (15.8) | 143 (21.8) | 369 (59.2) | 160 (25.2) | 327 (46.8) |  |
Educational level | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Degree or above | 951 (23.2) | 213 (26.5) | 195 (27.6) | 172 (26) | 62 (10.1) | 187 (29.9) | 122 (17.8) | ≤0.001 |
   A level/GCSE | 1,549 (37.8) | 356 (44.3) | 294 (41.6) | 272 (41.1) | 172 (27.9) | 221 (35.3) | 234 (34.1) |  |
   Foreign qualification | 172 (4.2) | 32 (4) | 35 (5) | 30 (4.5) | 17 (2.8) | 29 (4.6) | 29 (4.2) |  |
   No qualification | 1,428 (34.8) | 202 (25.2) | 183 (25.9) | 188 (28.4) | 365 (59.3) | 189 (30.2) | 301 (43.9) |  |
Social class (employment type) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Nonmanual labour | 1,681 (41.9) | 463 (56.3) | 351 (48.5) | 279 (42.7) | 92 (16.4) | 279 (44.6) | 217 (34.5) | ≤0.001 |
   Manual labour | 2,335 (58.1) | 360 (43.7) | 372 (51.5) | 375 (57.3) | 469 (83.6) | 347 (55.4) | 412 (65.5) |  |
Social support scores (tertiles) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Confiding/emotional support |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ≤0.001 |
Low | 1,137 (27) | 225 (27.1) | 194 (26.8) | 226 (33.5) | 154 (24) | 168 (26.5) | 170 (24.1) | Â |
Average | 1,667 (39.6) | 301 (36.3) | 244 (33.7) | 239 (35.4) | 313 (48.8) | 262 (41.4) | 308 (43.7) | Â |
High | 1,404 (33.4) | 303 (36.6) | 287 (39.6) | 210 (31.1) | 174 (27.1) | 203 (32.1) | 227 (32.2) | Â |
   Practical support |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ≤0.001 |
Low | 892 (21.2) | 200 (24.1) | 149 (20.5) | 179 (26.5) | 68 (10.6) | 145 (22.9) | 151 (21.4) | Â |
Average | 1,308 (31) | 296 (35.7) | 259 (35.7) | 253 (37.4) | 130 (20.3) | 185 (29.2) | 185 (26.2) | Â |
High | 2,013 (47.8) | 334 (40.2) | 318 (43.8) | 244 (36.1) | 443 (69.1) | 303 (47.9) | 371 (52.5) | Â |
   Negative aspects of support |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ≤0.001 |
Low | 646 (15.4) | 159 (19.2) | 113 (15.6) | 135 (20) | 31 (4.9) | 100 (15.8) | 108 (15.3) | Â |
Average | 1,484 (35.3) | 365 (44) | 331 (45.6) | 225 (33.3) | 126 (19.7) | 200 (31.6) | 237 (33.6) | Â |
High | 2,078 (49.4) | 306 (36.9) | 282 (38.8) | 316 (46.7) | 481 (75.4) | 332 (52.5) | 361 (51.1) | Â |
Chronic strain mean scoresb | 1.62 | 1.34 | 1.44 | 1.71 | 2.31 | 1.38 | 1.53 | ≤0.0001 |
Perceived discrimination mean scoresb | 0.30 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.65 | 0.19 | 0.39 | 0.35 | ≤0.0001 |
Days of moderate activity ≥30 minutes/day in past 4 weeks |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ≤0.001 |
   5 or more (high) | 1,131 (26.5) | 268 (32.1) | 231 (31.6) | 228 (33.1) | 93 (14.3) | 170 (26.2) | 141 (19.5) |  |
   1 to 4 (medium) | 1,274 (29.8) | 278 (33.3) | 247 (33.7) | 201 (29.2) | 139 (21.4) | 192 (29.6) | 217 (30.1) |  |
   1 or <1 (low) | 1,870 (43.7) | 288 (34.5) | 254 (34.7) | 260 (37.7) | 418 (64.3) | 286 (44.1) | 364 (50.4) |  |
Activity intensity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ≤0.001 |
   Inactive/light | 903 (22) | 6 (0.7) | 102 (14.4) | 116 (17.4) | 308 (49.9) | 156 (24.9) | 215 (31.3) |  |
   Moderate/vigorous | 3,201 (78) | 795 (99.3) | 606 (85.6) | 549 (82.6) | 309 (50.1) | 470 (75.1) | 472 (68.7) |  |
Anxiety mean scoresb | 0.30 | 0.31 | 0.38 | 0.29 | 0.20 | 0.29 | 0.32 | 0.005 |
Depressive mean scoresb | 0.43 | 0.41 | 0.41 | 0.42 | 0.36 | 0.46 | 0.51 | 0.003 |