Skip to main content
Figure 2 | BMC Medicine

Figure 2

From: Ancestral exposure to stress epigenetically programs preterm birth risk and adverse maternal and newborn outcomes

Figure 2

Gestational stress and prenatal stress reduce gestational weight gain and birth weight in the absence of litter size reduction. (A) Gestational stress reduced maternal weight gain during pregnancy. Maternal weight gain was mainly affected by gestational stress (F0-S) or cumulative effects of multigenerational stress (F1-SS, F2-SSS). (B) Ancestral stress did not affect litter size. (C) Higher blood glucose values were associated with reduced maternal weight gain during pregnancy and elevated corticosterone levels on lactational day 1. (D) Transgenerational and multigenerational prenatal stress resulted in low birth weight among F3 offspring. Asterisks indicate significances: *P <0.05; **P <0.01; ***P <0.001, compared to the respective generational non-stress controls.

Back to article page