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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the 454 Tanzanian adult study participants

From: Hypertension, kidney disease, HIV and antiretroviral therapy among Tanzanian adults: a cross-sectional study

Variable

HIV-negative

HIV-infected,

HIV-infected,

Proportion (%)

control

ART-naive

on ART

Median [IQR]

(number = 153)

(number = 151)

(number = 150)

Female

94 (61.4%)

89 (58.9%)

115 (76.7%)

Age (in years)

38 [32 to 46]

37 [32 to 44]

40 [38 to 47]

Education level

   

Incomplete primary

27 (17.7%)

25 (16.6%)

30 (20.0%)

Complete primary

82 (53.6%)

98 (64.9%)

94 (62.7%)

Secondary and above

44 (28.8%)

28 (18.5%)

26 (17.3%)

Work type

   

Manual

109 (71.2%)

114 (75.5%)

105 (70.0%)

Office

44 (28.8%)

37 (24.5%)

45 (30.0%)

Vigorous work

15 (9.8%)

21 (13.9%)

33 (22.0%)

Mode of transportation

   

Walking or bicycle

130 (85.0%)

110 (72.9%)

117 (78.0%)

Motorized vehicle

23 (15.0%)

41 (27.1%)

33 (22.0%)

Ease of Living Index a

   

Low

86 (56.2%)

94 (62.3%)

81 (54.0%)

Middle

20 (13.1%)

24 (15.9%)

26 (17.3%)

Higher

47 (30.7%)

33 (21.9%)

43 (28.7%)

Ever smoking

6 (3.9%)

16 (10.6%)

10 (6.7%)

Current smoker

5 (3.3%)

4 (2.7%)

0

Fruit and vegetables servings/week

6 [4-12]

8 [5-12]

9 [6 to 13]

Sugary drinks/day

1 [0.5 to 2]

1 [0.5 to 2]

1 [1 to 2]

Current alcohol use

   

None

119 (77.8%)

120 (79.5%)

136 (90.7%)

< once/week

19 (12.4%)

16 (10.6%)

8 (5.3%)

≥ once/week

15 (9.8%)

15 (9.9%)

6 (4.0%)

Body Mass Index (BMI) in kg/m 2

23.8 [22.3 to 25.8]

22 [20.2 to 24.3]

23.7 [21.5 to 27.9]

BMI <18.5

5 (3.3%)

18 (11.9%)

4 (2.7%)

BMI 18.5 to 25

104 (68.0%)

113 (74.8%)

80 (53.3%)

BMI 25 to 30

33 (21.6%)

9 (6.0%)

45 (30.0%)

BMI >30

11 (7.2%)

11 (7.3%)

21 (14.0%)

Waist-hip ratio

0.84 [0.82 to 0.87]

0.84 [0.80 to 0.89]

0.87 [0.82 to 0.91]

Central obesity b

44 (29.1%)

56 (37.1%)

78 (52.0%)

Diabetes mellitus

0

1 (0.7%)

1 (0.7%)

Current CD4 T-cell count in cells/μL

NA

215 [150 to 321]

378 [263 to 521]

Nadir CD4 T-cell count in cells/μL

NA

209 [120 to 302]

118.5 [68 to 196]

ART duration (months)

NA

NA

56 [31 to 68]

Protease inhibitor use

NA

NA

18 (12.0%)

  1. aEase of Living Index was defined according to the presence of water, electricity and/or flushing toilets inside the home. Low = 0/3, Medium = 1 to 2/3, Higher = 3/3. bDefined as waist-hip ratio of ≥0.85 for women and waist/hip ratio ≥0.90 for men. ART, antiretroviral therapy; IQR, interquartile range.
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