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Table 1 Examples of transgenerational inheritance studies

From: Environmental stress and epigenetic transgenerational inheritance

Exposure

Pathology

Reference

Toxicants

Vinclozolin

Testis, prostate, kidney disease, tumors, immune

Anway et al., 2005 [3]; 2006 [12]

 

Gender-specific changes in anxiety-like behavior

Skinner et al., 2008 [13]

 

Immune and reproductive

Nilsson et al., 2008 [14]

Methoxychlor

Testis, kidney, ovary, obesity

Anway et al., 2005 [3], Manikkam et al. 2014 [15]

Permethrin/DEET

Prostate, kidney disease

Manikkam et al. 2012 [16]

Dioxin

Prostate, kidney, fertility, pregnancy

Manikkam et al. 2012 [17] Bruner-Tran et al. 2011 [18]

BPA/phthalates

Prostate, kidney, obesity

Manikkam et al. 2013 [19]

Hydrocarbon mixture (jet fuel)

Prostate, kidney, obesity, immune and reproduction

Tracey et al. 2013 [20]

Vinclozolin, permethrin/DEET, plastics, dioxin, jet fuel

Polycystic ovaries, reduced primordial follicle pool

Nilsson et al. 2012 [21]

DDT

Obesity, kidney, testis

Skinner et al. 2013 [5]

Phthalate

Testis and spermatogonial stem cell

Doyle et al. 2013 [22]

Tributyltin

Obesity and adipose cell

Chamorro-Garcia et al. 2013 [23]

BPA

Social behavior, implantation, litter size, sperm

Wolstenholme et al. 2012 [24]; Salian et al. 2009 [25]

Others

Caloric restriction

Cardiovascular mortality

Bygren et al. 2014 [26]

High fat diet

Growth and insulin sensitivity

Dunn and Bale 2011 [6]

Folate

Congenital malformations

Padmanabhan et al. 2013 [27]

Drought

DNA methylation changes

Zheng et al. 2013 [7]

Heat/salt

Flowering and salt tolerance

Suter and Widmer 2013 [28]

Prediabetes

Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity

Wei et al. 2014 [29]

Smoking

Abnormal pulmonary function

Rehan et al. 2013 [30]

Alcohol

Endocrine and neuronal function

Govorko et al. 2012 [31]

Heat stress

Increased Hsp70 production and tolerance to heat stress

Norouzitallab et al. 2014 [8]

  1. BPA, Bisphenol A; DEET, N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide.