Visit-to-visit variability of fasting plasma glucose as predictor of ischemic stroke: competing risk analysis in a national cohort of Taiwan Diabetes Study

Lin, Cheng-Chieh; Yang, Chun-Pai; Li, Chia-Ing; Liu, Chiu-Shong; Chen, Ching-Chu; Lin, Wen-Yuan; Hwang, Kai-Lin; Yang, Sing-Yu; Li, Tsai-Chung

doi:10.1186/s12916-014-0165-7

Table 2 Hazard ratios (HRs) of ischemic stroke for quartiles of FPG-CV and HbA ₁ c levels (n = 28,354)

From: Visit-to-visit variability of fasting plasma glucose as predictor of ischemic stroke: competing risk analysis in a national cohort of Taiwan Diabetes Study

	Number	Cases	Person-years	IR	Ischemic stroke (Number = 2,250)	Pfor trend
Variables	Number	Cases	Person-years	IR	HR (95%CI)	Pfor trend
Age and gender-adjusted (the first multivariate model)
FPG-CV (%)						<0.001
≤14.1	7,125	489	55,218.23	8.86	1.00
14.1 to 25.2	7,075	545	53,865.12	10.12	1.24 (1.10, 1.41)***
25.2 to 42.0	7,076	596	52,764.96	11.30	1.44 (1.27, 1.62)***
>42.0	7,078	620	51,198.11	12.11	1.57 (1.40, 1.77)***
HbA₁c (%)						<0.001
<7.0	8,091	537	61,419.14	8.74	1.00
7.0 to 8.0	7,607	566	57,820.08	9.79	1.27 (1.13, 1.43)***
8.0 to 9.0	5,800	490	43,589.18	11.24	1.55 (1.37, 1.75)***
≥9.0	6,856	657	50,218.02	13.08	2.06 (1.85, 2.31)***
Multivariate-adjusted^a (the second multivariate model)
FPG-CV (%)						<0.001
≥14.1	7,125	489	55,218.23	8.86	1.00
14.1 to 25.2	7,075	545	53,865.12	10.12	1.13 (1.00, 1.27)
25.2 to 42.0	7,076	596	52,764.96	11.30	1.24 (1.10, 1.40)***
>42.0	7,078	620	51,198.11	12.11	1.30 (1.15, 1.47)***
HbA₁c (%)						<0.001
<7.0	8,091	537	61,419.14	8.74	1.00
7.0 to 8.0	7,607	566	57,820.08	9.79	1.14 (1.00, 1.29)*
8.0 to 9.0	5,800	490	43,589.18	11.24	1.32 (1.16, 1.50)***
≥9.0	6,856	657	50,218.02	13.08	1.65 (1.45, 1.87)***
Multivariate-adjusted^b (the third multivariate model)
FPG-CV (%)						<0.001
≥14.1	7,125	489	55,218.23	8.86	1.00
14.1 to 25.2	7,075	545	53,865.12	10.12	1.11 (0.98, 1.25)
25.2 to 42.0	7,076	596	52,764.96	11.30	1.22 (1.08, 1.38)**
>42.0	7,078	620	51,198.11	12.11	1.27 (1.12, 1.43)***
HbA₁c (%)						<0.001
<7.0	8,091	537	61,419.14	8.74	1.00
7.0 to 8.0	7,607	566	57,820.08	9.79	1.14 (1.01, 1.29)*
8.0 to 9.0	5,800	490	43,589.18	11.24	1.33 (1.17, 1.51)***
≥9.0	6,856	657	50,218.02	13.08	1.68 (1.48, 1.90)***
FPG-CV (%)						0.009
≥14.1	7,125	489	55,218.23	8.86	1.00
14.1 to 25.2	7,075	545	53,865.12	10.12	1.09 (0.96, 1.23)
25.2 to 42.0	7,076	596	52,764.96	11.30	1.16 (1.03, 1.31)*
>42.0	7,078	620	51,198.11	12.11	1.17 (1.03, 1.32)*
HbA₁c (%)						<0.001
<7.0	8,091	537	61,419.14	8.74	1.00
7.0 to 8.0	7,607	566	57,820.08	9.79	1.13 (1.00, 1.27)
8.0 to 9.0	5,800	490	43,589.18	11.24	1.30 (1.14, 1.47)***
≥9.0	6,856	657	50,218.02	13.08	1.63 (1.43, 1.85)***

*P <0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P <0.001. Multivariate-adjusted ^afor age, gender, tobacco, alcohol, duration of diabetes, type of hypoglycemic drugs, hypertension drug treatment and obesity.
Multivariate-adjusted ^bfor coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, cancer, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, chronic hepatitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in addition to the variables in the second multivariate model. FPG-CV: coefficient of variation of fasting plasma glucose; HbA₁c, glycated hemoglobin; IR: incidence density rate = number of incident cases/person-years*1,000.

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