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Table 1 Descriptive statistics of exposures, outcomes, and included covariates

From: The impact of maternal smoking during pregnancy on depressive and anxiety behaviors in children: the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

 

Mean (SD)

Maternal age (years)

29.8 (4.6)

Gestational age at birth (weeks)

39.34 (2.26)

Maternal depression and anxiety in early pregnancy (range 1 to 4)

1.26 (0.40)

Maternal education

N (% total)

≤9 years education

2,782 (2.6%)

1 to 2 years high schooling

4,944 (4.6%)

3 years schooling

26,854 (25.0%)

1 to 4 college/university

39,388 (36.7%)

>4 years college/university

22,579 (21.0%)

Missing

10,832 (10.1%)

Maternal alcohol consumption

N (% total)

Never

74,702 (69.6%)

<1 episode per month

8,615 (8.0%)

1 to 3 episodes per month

1,995 (1.9%)

<1 episode per week

429 (0.4%)

2 to 3 episodes per week

61 (0.1%)

4 to 5 episodes per week

7 (0.0%)

6 to 7 episodes per week

15 (0.0%)

Missing data

21,555 (20.1%)

Maternal parity

N (% total)

0

47,515 (44.2%)

1

38,188 (35.6%)

2

16,443 (15.3%)

3

3,610 (3.4%)

4+

1,132 (1.1%)

Missing data

492 (0.5%)

Paternal smoking (early pregnancy)

N (% total)

Yes

25,039 (23.3%)

No

76,079 (70.9%)

Missing data

6,261 (5.8%)

Internalizing symptoms (range 1 to 3)

Mean (SD)

18 months (n = 69,946)

1.27 (0.25)

36 months (n = 57,143)

1.25 (0.22)

5 years (n = 19,778)

1.16 (0.19)

  1. Internalizing symptoms are drawn from maternal report from a condensed version of the CBCL. Maternal depression and anxiety symptoms are drawn from the HSCL-5.