Table 2 Regression coefficient and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between lifestyle factors and DALYs among 33,066 EPIC-NL participants

Smoking status

Current

Former

Never

n

10,035

10,251

12,780

DALY, mean ± SD

2.59 ± 6.10

1.98 ± 4.77

1.71 ± 4.53

Crude

Reference

−0.61 (−0.76 to −0.46)

−0.88 (−1.01 to −0.73)

<0.01

Adjusted model

Reference

−0.91 (−1.07 to −0.75)

−1.15 (−1.30 to −0.99)

<0.01

BMI category

BMI >30

BMI 25–30

BMI <25

n

4,372

13,142

15,552

DALY, mean ± SD

3.02 ± 5.59

2.28 ± 5.20

1.61 ± 4.89

Crude

Reference

−0.74 (−0.91 to −0.55)

−1.41 (−1.58 to −1.23)

<0.01

Adjusted model

Reference

−0.69 (−0.85 to −0.50)

−1.04 (−1.23 to −0.86)

<0.01

mMDS score

Low (0–2)

Moderate (3–5)

High (6–8)

n

5,159

22,673

5,234

DALY, mean ± SD

2.28 ± 5.49

2.07 ± 5.13

1.80 ± 4.80

Crude

Reference

−0.21 (−0.40 to −0.05)

−0.48 (−0.67 to −0.29)

<0.01

Adjusted model

Reference

−0.10 (−0.27 to 0.06)

−0.24 (−0.44 to −0.02)

0.02

Physical activity

Inactive

Mod. inactive

Mod. active

Active

n

2,273

8,038

8,696

14,059

DALY, mean ± SD

3.11 ± 6.13

2.15 ± 5.09

2.01 ± 5.10

1.88 ± 4.99

Crude

Reference

−0.96 (−1.21 to −0.66)

−1.09 (−1.36 to −0.82)

−1.23 (−1.47 to −0.95)

<0.01

Adjusted model

Reference

−0.53 (−0.78 to −0.25)

−0.49 (−0.75 to −0.23)

−0.54 (−0.80 to −0.27)

<0.01