Table 1 Demographic and epidemiological characteristics of enrolled patients at both sites

Female sex

133 (55.5%)

225 (43.5%)

0.003

Age < 12 years old

10 (5.1%)

23 (5.0%)

0.422

Duration of fever (days): Mean (SD)

5.4 (3.8)

5.7 (7.1)

0.453*

First malarial infection

27 (12.7%)

88 (16.5%)

0.187

Antimalarials in the preceding 30 days

41 (18.6%)

78 (14.2%)

0.030

Geometric mean P. vivax density on admission (parasites/mm³; 95% CI)^¶

2,267 (1,872-2,745)

1,902 (1,667-2,169)

<0.001

Pregnancy (among females of reproductive age)

37/114 (32.5%)

97/227 (18.5%)

0.004

Any co-morbidity

31 (15.9%)

92 (17.8%)

0.527

Heart rate (beats/min): Mean (SD)

87.1 (12.8)

85.0 (11.8)

0.032*

Respiratory rate (breaths/min): Mean (SD)

18.8 (4.0)

19.4 (4.9)

0.126*

Temperature (°C): Mean (SD)

37.9 (1.1)

37.5 (1.1)

<0.001*

Hepatomegaly

47 (21.6%)

141 (25.8%)

0.217

Splenomegaly

68 (31.2%)

131 (24.0%)

0.041

Hemoglobin (g/dL): Mean (SD)

7.7 (3.1)

10.9 (2.6)

<0.001*

White blood cell count (× 1,000 cells/mm³): Mean (SD)

8.6 (10.4)

6.5 (3.8)

<0.001*

Platelets (× 1,000 cells/mm³): Mean (SD)

74.1 (88.9)

72.5 (90.9)

0.824*

Creatinine (mg/dL): Mean (SD)

1.4 (1.6)

0.9 (0.4)

<0.001*

Urea (mg/dL) : Mean (SD)

51.2 (49.7)

38.9 (20.3)

<0.001*

Total bilirubin (mg/dL): Mean (SD)

2.9 (5.9)

2.2 (3.5)

0.0498*

ALT (U/L): Mean (SD)

50.5 (85.6)

42.2 (81.3)

0.222*

Lactate (mmol/L): Mean (SD)

5.0 (13.4)

2.0 (2.5)

0.010*