Table 1 Definitions of indicators and covariates
Indicator or covariate (abbreviation) | Definition | Sources of data |
|---|---|---|
Indicators | ||
Antenatal care (ANC1, ANC4) | The proportion of women 15 to 49 years old who gave birth in the given year and had one/four or more antenatal visits attended by skilled personnel (doctor, nurse, midwife, or clinical officer) at a health facility during the corresponding pregnancy | DHS: 1992, 1996–7, 2001–2, 2007 |
MIS: 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012 | ||
Skilled birth attendance | The proportion of women 15 to 49 years old who gave birth in the given year and delivered with a skilled birth attendant (a doctor, nurse, midwife, or clinical officer) | DHS: 1992, 1996–7, 2001–2, 2007 |
MICS: 1999 | ||
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunization | The proportion of children under 5 years old who were vaccinated against tuberculosis in the given year | DHS: 1992, 1996–7, 2001–2, 2007 |
LCMS: 1996, 1998, 2002–3, 2004–5, 2010 | ||
MICS: 1999 | ||
Diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus immunization | The proportion of children 12 to 59 months old who received three doses of the diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) vaccine in the given year | DHS: 1992, 1996–7, 2001–2, 2007 |
LCMS: 1996, 1998, 2002–3, 2004–5, 2010 | ||
MICS: 1999 | ||
Measles immunization | The proportion of children 12 to 59 months old who received measles vaccination in the given year | DHS: 1992, 1996–7, 2001–2, 2007 |
LCMS: 1996, 1998, 2002–3, 2004–5, 2010 | ||
MICS: 1999 | ||
Polio immunization | The proportion of children 12 to 59 months old who received three doses of the oral polio vaccine in the given year | DHS: 1992, 1996–7, 2001–2, 2007 |
LCMS: 1996, 1998, 2002–3, 2004–5, 2010 | ||
MICS: 1999 | ||
Pentavalent immunization | The proportion of children 12 to 59Â months old who received three doses of the pentavalent vaccine, which includes protection against DPT, hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenzae type b | DHS: 2007 |
LCMS: 2010 | ||
Exclusive breastfeeding* | The proportion of children who were exclusively breastfed during their first 6Â months after birth | DHS: 1992 |
LCMS: 1996, 1998, 2003–3, 2004–5, 2010 | ||
Percentage of children not underweight | The proportion of children under 5 years old determined as not being underweight, defined as weighing two or more standard deviations below the international anthropometric reference population median of weight for age | DHS: 1992, 1996–7, 2001–2, 2007 |
LCMS: 1996, 1998, 2002–3, 2004–5, 2006, 2010 | ||
Intermittent preventive therapy for malaria during pregnancy (IPTp1, IPTp2) | The proportion of women 15 to 49Â years old who gave birth in the given year and who received at least one/two treatment doses of Fansidar (sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine) at antenatal care visits during the corresponding pregnancy | DHS: 2007 |
MIS: 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012 | ||
Insecticide-treated net (ITN) ownership | The proportion of households that own at least one ITN | DHS: 2007 |
HHCS: 2008 | ||
MIS: 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012 | ||
Netmark: 2000, 2004 | ||
SBS: 2005, 2009 | ||
ITN use by children under five | The proportion of children under 5Â years old who slept under an ITN the previous night | DHS: 2007 |
HHCS: 2008 | ||
MICS: 1999 | ||
MIS: 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012 | ||
Netmark: 2000, 2004 | ||
SBS: 2005, 2009 | ||
Indoor residual spraying (IRS) | The proportion of households that were sprayed with an insecticide-based solution in the last 12Â months | DHS: 2007 |
HHCS: 2008 | ||
MIS: 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012 | ||
NMCC: 2005-2010 | ||
ITN ownership or IRS | The proportion of households that either own an ITN, or were sprayed with an insecticide-based solution in the last 12Â months, or both | DHS: 2007 |
HHCS: 2008 | ||
MIS: 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012 | ||
Netmark: 2000, 2004 | ||
SBS: 2005, 2009 | ||
ITN use or IRS | The proportion of children under 5Â years who either slept under an ITN the previous night, or live in a household that was sprayed with an insecticide-based solution in the last 12Â months, or both | DHS: 2007 |
HHCS: 2008 | ||
MICS: 1999 | ||
MIS: 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012 | ||
Netmark: 2000, 2004 | ||
SBS: 2005, 2009 | ||
Covariates | ||
Household electricity | The proportion of households with electricity | Census: 1990, 2000, 2010 |
DHS: 1992, 1996–7, 2001–2, 2007 | ||
LCMS: 1996, 1998, 2002–3, 2004–5, 2006, 2010 | ||
Female headship of households | The proportion of households with a female head | Census: 1990, 2000, 2010 |
DHS: 1992, 1996–7, 2001–2, 2007 | ||
LCMS: 1996, 1998, 2002–3, 2004–5, 2006, 2010 | ||
MICS: 1999 | ||
Household size | The average number of members per household | Census: 1990, 2000, 2010 |
DHS: 1992, 1996–7, 2001–2, 2007 | ||
LCMS: 1996, 1998, 2002–3, 2004–5, 2006, 2010 | ||
MICS: 1999 | ||
Education of women 15 to 44Â years old | The average years of schooling for women 15 to 44Â years old | Census: 1990, 2000, 2010 |
DHS: 1992, 1996–7, 2001–2, 2007 | ||
LCMS: 1996, 1998, 2002–3, 2004–5, 2006, 2010 | ||
MICS: 1999 | ||
Improved dwelling wall type | The proportion of households with dwelling walls constructed of an improved material | Census: 1990, 2000, 2010 |
DHS: 1992, 1996–7, 2001–2, 2007 | ||
LCMS: 1996, 1998, 2002–3, 2004–5, 2006, 2010 | ||
MICS: 1999 | ||
Health facilities per capita | The number of health facilities per 1,000 inhabitants | Census: 1990, 2000, 2010 |
JICA: 2006 | ||