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Table 7 Mediators/predictors of medium/long-term dietary intake (≥12 months)

From: Successful behavior change in obesity interventions in adults: a systematic review of self-regulation mediators

Putative mediators (categories)

Formal mediation analyses

All analyses

Number of studies

Times tested

Effect, %

Number of studies

Times tested

Effect, %

↑ Self-efficacy/barriers

1

2

50

3

8

25

↑ Coping mechanisms

1

2

0

2

4

0

↑ Positive outcome expectations/beliefs

1

1

0

2

2

0

↑ Processes of change

   

1

8

0

↑ Cognitive restraint

   

1

6

0

↑ Decisional balance (pros/cons)

   

1

4

0

↑ Self-regulation skill usage

   

2

2

100a

  1. Notes: Blank spaces correspond to variables that were not tested in formal mediation analyses. Times tested refers to the number of times a variable was analyzed; Effect, % refers to the number of times an effect was found and is expressed as percentage. Results are organized according to the number of times each variable was tested in mediation analyses, depicted in the second column, in descent order. For variables not tested in mediation analyses, the fifth column (times tested in overall analyses) should be taken as the reference. aTested twice in weak quality studies. [↑] means that higher value of (variable) was associated with improved outcomes.