Table 10 Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) outcomes for pressure ulcers (n = 14)

Branom 2001 (2000) [64]

Constant Force Technology mattress vs. low-air-loss mattress

Dominant

Percent additional reduction in wound volume per week

−1,435

0.04

Burgos 2000 (1998) [65]

Collagenase ointment vs. hydrocolloid (Varihesive) dressing

1,278

Percent additional reduction of ulcer area

20,825

16.3

Chang 1998 (1997) [66]

Hydrocolloid (DuoDERM CGF) vs. saline gauze

3

Percent additional reduction of ulcer area

121

43

Chuangsu-wanich 2011 (2010) [67]

Silver mesh dressing vs. silver sulfadiazine cream

Dominant

Increase in healing rate

−1,695

11.89

Ferrell 1995 (1992) [68]

Low-air-loss bed vs. conventional foam mattress

58^a

Ulcer-free day gained

Not reported

Not reported

Foglia 2012 (2010) [69]

Advanced dressings vs. simple dressings

Dominant^a

Percent additional reduction of ulcer area

−132

6

Graumlich 2003 (2001) [70]

Collagen (Medifil) vs. hydrocolloid (DuoDERM)

63,147^a

Additional wound healed

632

0.01

Muller 2001 (1998) [71]

Collagenase-containing ointment (Novuxol) vs. hydrocolloid (DuoDERM) dressing

Dominant^a

Additional wound healed

−149

0.281

Narayanan 2005^b (2004) [72]

Initial wound stage 1: BCT (balsam Peru + hydrogenated castor oil + trypsin ointment) only vs. BCT + Others (BCT plus Other treatments)

Dominant

Additional wound healed

−5

0.106

Narayanan 2005^b (2004) [72]

Initial wound stage 1: BCT + Others vs. Others

Dominant

Additional wound healed

−10

0.263

Narayanan 2005^b (2004) [72]

Initial wound stage 2: BCT only vs. Others

Dominant

Additional wound healed

−6

0.16

Narayanan 2005^b (2004) [72]

Initial wound stage 2: BCT only vs. BCT + Others

Dominant

Additional wound healed

−7

0.159

Narayanan 2005^b (2004) [72]

Initial wound stage 2: BCT + Others vs. Others

226,208

Additional wound healed

226

0.001

Payne 2009 (2007) [73]

Polyurethane foam dressing (Allevyn Thin) vs. saline gauze

Dominant

Additional wound healed

−564

0.181

Robson 2000^b (1999) [74]

Sequential GM-CSF and bFGF vs. bFGF only

Dominant

Percent additional reduction of ulcer volume

1,357

−0.07

Robson 2000^b (1999) [74]

Sequential GM-CSF and bFGF vs. GM-CSF only

Dominant

Percent additional reduction of ulcer volume

−848

1

Robson 2000^b (1999) [74]

Placebo vs. sequential GM-CSF and bFGF

735

Percent additional reduction of ulcer volume

2,205

3

Sanada 2010 (2007) [75]

New incentive system vs. non-introduced control

Dominant

reduction in DESIGN score

−16

4.1

Xakellis 1992 (1990) [76]

Hydrocolloid (DuoDERM) vs. gauze

Dominant^a

ulcer-free day gained

−25

2

Sebern 1986^b (1985) [77]

Grade II PrU: MVP vs. gauze

Dominant^a

percent additional reduction of ulcer area

−1,925

48

Sebern 1986^b (1985) [77]

Grade III PrU: MVP vs. gauze

9^a

percent additional reduction of ulcer area

217

23