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Table 3 Prognostic value of activation type in traumatic or non-traumatic VS/UWS patients

From: Cerebral response to subject’s own name showed high prognostic value in traumatic vegetative state

1. Traumatic

   

Activation

No activation or primary auditory cortex activation

Higher level activation beyond primary auditory cortex

Total

Etiology

Traumatic brain injury

Traumatic brain injury

 

Good Outcome

4

12

16

Bad Outcome

6

1

7

Total

10

13

23

2. Non-traumatic

   

Activation

No activation or primary auditory cortex activation

Higher level activation beyond primary auditory cortex

Total

Etiology

Non-traumatic brain injury

Non-traumatic brain injury

 

Good Outcome

2

0

2

Bad Outcome

11

3

14

Total

13

3

16

  1. In 23 traumatic VS/UWS patients, 12 (92.3%) out of 13 patients with higher level activation beyond primary auditory cortex had a good recovery, whereas 6 (60%) out of 10 traumatic VS/UWS patients with no activation or primary auditory cortex activation had a bad outcome. Outcome differed depending on activation type (P = 0.019, Fisher’s exact testing).
  2. In 16 non-traumatic VS/UWS patients, 11 (85%) out 13 patients with no or primary auditory cortex activation had a bad outcome. None of 3 patients with higher level activation beyond primary auditory cortex had a good recovery.