Table 2 Univariate analysis of all stress questionnaire tools and computed total stress score

Perceived stress

1.01

1.00–1.02

Common stressors

1.09

0.92–1.30

ISEL social support

0.91

0.78–1.06

Life events checklist

1.04

0.91–1.20

COPE adaptive coping

1.02

0.97–1.06

Adverse childhood experience (ACE)

1.26*

1.08–1.48

High ACE score (≥2 ACE)^a

2.45*

1.37–4.38

Abuse assessment screen

1.75

0.96–3.20

Childhood and adult abuse

1.40*

1.13–1.74

Depression during pregnancy

1.53*

1.01–2.33

Lifetime history of depression

1.70

0.90–3.24

Total stress

1.46*

1.08–1.96

High stress^a

1.86*

1.06–3.28