Socio-cultural influences on the behaviour of South Asian women with diabetes in pregnancy: qualitative study using a multi-level theoretical approach

Table 1 Participant characteristics

Language spoken at home	Bengali or Sylheti	Gurarati	Tamil	Punjabi or Urdu	Total
Language spoken at home	(Bangladeshi origin)	(north-west Indian origin)	(south Indian or Sri Lankan origin)	(north Indian or Pakistani origin)	Total
Total number of participants	17	5	10	13	45
Median (range) age	37 (27–43)	34 (29–39)	34 (21–45)	35 (23–42)	35
Diabetes status
Type 2	7	2	8	12	29
Gestational (past or present)	9	3	2	1	15
Missing data	1	0	0	0	1
Pregnancy status
Median (range) number of pregnancies (including current one if relevant)	4 (2–9)	2 (1–4)	2 (2–4)	3 (1–6)	3 (1–9)
Pregnant at time of interview
Yes	3	3	6	6	18
No	13	2	4	7	26
Missing data	1	0	0	0	1
Generation immigrant
First generation	8	1	4	5	18
Second generation	7	2	3	6	18
Missing data	2	2	3	2	9
Group sessions
Participated in group sessions	7	0	5	5	17
Median no. of sessions attended	3	n/a	2	3	3
Individual interviews
Interviewed in clinic	0	2	1	1	4
Interviewed at home	10	3	4	7	24
Total	10	5	5	8	28

Gestational diabetes was diagnosed using locally-adapted UK criteria via universal 2 h, 75 g oral glucose tolerance testing of women of Asian origin at 28 weeks gestation with fasting plasma glucose ≥5.8 mmol/L and 120 min plasma glucose ≥7.8 mmol/L

ISSN: 1741-7015