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Table 5 Total knee replacement: differences in costs and outcomes between APEX randomised groups

From: Local anaesthetic wound infiltration in addition to standard anaesthetic regimen in total hip and knee replacement: long-term cost-effectiveness analyses alongside the APEX randomised controlled trials

 

Difference (intervention – control)

 

N

Mean

(95 % CI)

OUTCOMES

   

QALYs

   

QALY gain – available cases a

201

0.010

(−0.039 to 0.060)

QALY gain – imputed data b

316

0.009

(−0.040 to 0.057)

Primary clinical outcome

   

WOMAC pain score improvement – available cases c

273

3.83

(−0.83 to 8.49)

WOMAC pain score improvement – imputed data d

316

3.33

(−1.21 to 7.88)

COST

   

Initial inpatient stay

   

Total of inpatient stay – available cases a

268

£89

(£–194 to £371)

Total of inpatient stay – imputed data b

316

£152

(£–140 to £444)

Secondary care after initial discharge

   

Inpatient admissions – available cases a

213

-£170

(£–365 to £24)

Inpatient admissions – imputed data b

316

-£239

(£–489 to £11)

Outpatient visits – available cases a

265

£2

(£–47 to £52)

Outpatient visits with – imputed data b

316

£13

(£–43 to £70)

Total secondary care cost – available cases a

203

-£165

(£–391 to £61)

Total secondary care cost – imputed data b

316

-£226

(£–485 to £34)

Community-based resources

   

Total community based costs – available cases a

170

-£56

(£–142 to £31)

Total community based costs – imputed data b

316

£0

(£–99 to £99)

Total NHS cost – complete NHS cost cases a

148

-£343

(£–822 to £137)

Total NHS cost – imputed data b

316

-£74

(£–490 to £343)

Personal social services (PSS)

   

Total personal social services – available cases a

259

-£4

(£–95 to £87)

Total personal social services – imputed data b

316

-£4

(£–89 to £82)

Total NHS + PSS cost – complete NHS+PSS cost cases a

145

-£404

(£–924 to £117)

Total NHS + PSS cost – imputed data b

316

-£77

(£–528 to £374)

  1. a Adjusted for minimisation variables (baseline WOMAC c pain score and surgical approach) and baseline utility for QALYs, robust standard errors
  2. b Adjusted for minimisation variables (and baseline utility for QALYs), robust standard errors, M=20 multiple imputation sets, bootstrapped confidence intervals with 1000 replications
  3. c Adjusted for minimisation variables (baseline WOMAC pain score and surgical approach) and baseline utility for QALYs
  4. d Adjusted for minimisation variables, M=20 multiple imputation sets from main statistical analysis