Sex (reference: males)
| | | | | | |
Female
|
1.73
|
1.43,2.10
|
P<0.0001
|
1.27
|
0.99,1.62
|
0.057
|
Age group (reference: 50–59 years)
| | | | | | |
60–69
|
1.39
|
1.10,1.76
|
0.006
|
1.10
|
0.87,1.38
|
0.430
|
70–79
|
1.76
|
1.37,2.26
|
P<0.0001
|
1.23
|
0.98,1.54
|
0.079
|
80+
|
1.76
|
1.24,2.52
|
0.002
|
1.14
|
0.76,1.71
|
0.520
|
Residence (reference: urban)
| | | | | | |
Rural
|
1.64
|
1.32,2.03
|
P<0.0001
|
1.36
|
1.06,1.75
|
0.017
|
Symptom-based depression (reference: no)
| | | | | | |
Yes
|
3.62
|
2.87,4.56
|
P<0.0001
|
1.43
|
1.01,2.02
|
0.041
|
Chronic conditions (reference: none)
| | | | | | |
One
|
2.03
|
1.71,2.41
|
P<0.0001
|
1.62
|
1.35,1.95
|
P<0.0001
|
Two or more
|
3.56
|
2.74,4.62
|
P<0.0001
|
2.15
|
1.45,3.19
|
P<0.0001
|
Cataracts (reference: no)
| | | | | | |
Yes
|
1.93
|
1.55,2.40
|
P<0.0001
|
1.20
|
0.93,1.55
|
0.155
|
Sleep (reference: no problems sleeping)
| | | | | | |
Severe or extreme problems sleeping
|
3.16
|
2.53,4.0
|
P<0.0001
|
1.54
|
1.15,2.08
|
0.004
|
Grip strength (average one unit change)
|
0.64
|
0.56,0.73
|
P<0.0001
|
0.87
|
0.75,1.00
|
0.056
|
Cognition (average one unit change)
|
0.78
|
0.73,0.89
|
P<0.0001
|
0.85
|
0.75,0.96
|
0.012
|
Water (reference: inside the home)
| | | | | | |
Outside the home
|
2.05
|
1.69,2.49
|
P<0.0001
|
1.23
|
0.93,1.63
|
0.155
|
Flooring (reference: hard floor)
| | | | | | |
Earth floor
|
2.09
|
1.67,2.61
|
P<0.0001
|
1.09
|
0.82,1.45
|
0.566
|
Country (reference: China)
| | | | | | |
Ghana
|
0.83
|
0.64,1.07
|
0.146
|
0.54
|
0.39,0.74
|
P<0.0001
|
India
|
2.23
|
1.84,2.70
|
P<0.0001
|
1.01
|
0.78,1.30
|
0.962
|
Mexico
|
0.90
|
0.59,1.39
|
0.642
|
0.66
|
0.37,1.18
|
0.159
|
Russian Federation
|
0.81
|
0.54,1.20
|
0.293
|
0.70
|
0.44,1.12
|
0.139
|
South Africa
|
0.28
|
0.13,0.60
|
0.001
|
0.28
|
0.12,0.65
|
0.003
|