| Crude models | Multivariable model | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Covariates | Coeff. | 95 % CI | P-value | Coeff. | 95 % CI | P-value |
Fall-related injury (reference: none) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Yes | 12.82 | 10.45,15.20 | P<0.0001 | 5.62 | 3.77,7.46 | P<0.0001 |
Sex (reference: males) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Female | 4.57 | 3.94,5.20 | P<0.0001 | 3.21 | 2.67,3.65 | P<0.0001 |
Age group (reference: 50–59 years) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
 60–69 | 5.07 | 4.30,5.85 | P<0.0001 | 3.00 | 2.42,3.50 | P<0.0001 |
 70–-79 | 12.05 | 10.84,13.26 | P<0.0001 | 8.88 | 8.03,9.73 | P<0.0001 |
 80+ | 22.43 | 20.40,24.45 | P<0.0001 | 19.52 | 17.79,21.25 | P<0.0001 |
Residence (reference: urban) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Rural | 5.69 | 4.46,6.92 | P<0.0001 | 3.26 | 2.31,4.21 | P<0.0001 |
Chronic conditions (reference: none) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 One | 7.79 | 6.95,8.62 | P<0.0001 | 4.76 | 4.12,5.40 | P<0.0001 |
 Two or more | 19.55 | 17.91,21.19 | P<0.0001 | 12.05 | 10.95,13.15 | P<0.0001 |
Wealth quintile (reference: poor) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Second poorest | −3.91 | −5.20,-2.62 | P<0.0001 | −2.55 | −3.51,–1.59 | P<0.0001 |
 Mid | −5.71 | −7.08,-4.34 | P<0.0001 | −3.06 | −3.98,–2.15 | P<0.0001 |
 Second highest | −8.29 | −9.73,-6.84 | P<0.0001 | −4.21 | −5.08,–3.33 | P<0.0001 |
 Highest (wealthiest) | −10.62 | −12.14,–9.10 | P<0.0001 | −6.47 | −7.56,–5.38 | P<0.0001 |
Country (reference: China) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Ghana | 13.59 | 12.38,14.81 | P<0.0001 | 11.13 | 10.01,12.26 | P<0.0001 |
 India | 19.80 | 18.47,21.14 | P<0.0001 | 16.59 | 15.43,17.75 | P<0.0001 |
 Mexico | 6.43 | 4.38,8.47 | P<0.0001 | 6.16 | 3.93,8.39 | P<0.0001 |
 Russian Federation | 10.20 | 8.21,12.18 | P<0.0001 | 7.22 | 5.34,9.11 | P<0.0001 |
 South Africa | 11.43 | 10.05,12.81 | P<0.0001 | 11.25 | 10.02,12.48 | P<0.0001 |
R-squared | Â | Â | Â | 0.4443 | Â | Â |
Constant | Â | Â | Â | 3.72 | 2.69,4.74 | P<0.0001 |