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Table 1 Clinical samples sent for mycobacteriology

From: Rapid microbiological screening for tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients on the first day of acute hospital admission by systematic testing of urine samples using Xpert MTB/RIF: a prospective cohort in South Africa

Sample

Urine and sputum samples obtained in first 24 h

Total samples obtained during admission

 

Number of patients producing ≥1 sample (%)

Total number of samples

Number of patients producing ≥1 sample (%)

Total number of samples

Total number of culture and Xpert tests done

Number of positive culture and Xpert tests (%)

Number of TB patients with ≥1 positive culture or Xpert test (%)

Sputum

158 (37.0)

279

245 (57.4)

615

871

210 (24.1)

75 (54.0)a

Urine

418 (97.9)

418

418 (97.9)

418

833

141 (16.9)

89 (64.0)

Other non-respiratory samples

-

-

418 (97.9)

712

687

91 (13.2)

69 (49.6)

 Ascitic fluid

-

-

5 (1.2)

5

5

1 (20.0)

1 (0.7)

 Blood

-

-

410 (96.0)

469

469

41 (8.7)

41 (29.5)

 Bone marrow

-

-

2 (0.5)

2

2

0

0

 Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

-

-

76 (17.8)

94

94

8 (8.5)

8 (5.8)

 Fine needle aspirate (FNA)

-

-

19 (4.4)

23

10

6 (60.0)

6 (4.3)

 Gastric lavage

-

-

5 (1.2)

7

7

2 (28.6)

1 (0.7)

 Pus

-

-

5 (1.2)

6

6

4 (66.7)

3 (2.2)

 Pleural fluid

-

-

21 (4.9)

29

29

17 (58.6)

13 (9.4)

 Stoolb

-

-

9 (2.1)

10

0

0

0

 Urinec

-

-

60 (14.1)

63

61

11 (18.0)

11 (7.9)

 Other

-

-

4 (0.9)

4

4

1 (25.0)

1 (0.7)

Total

420 (98.4)

697

427 (100)

1,745

2,391

442 (18.5)

139 (100)

  1. aOnly 39 (28.1 %) of total diagnoses could be made from sputum samples obtained in the first 24 h; btested by Ziehl–Neelsen staining only; curine samples requested later than the first 24-h period for culture (not part of Xpert screening strategy)