Fig. 4

Analyses stratified by the interval between recruitment into the EPIC cohort and clinical diagnosis of HCC (<2 years after recruitment vs. ≥2 years after recruitment). (a) O-PLS score plot including HCC cases that were diagnosed <2 years (n = 22) after blood collection and matched controls (n = 43), R² = 45 % and Q² = 33 %, and the metabolic signature colored for correlation after significance to ANOVA tests (Benjamini-Hochberg multiple corrected). (b) O-PLS score plot including HCC cases that were diagnosed ≥2 years after blood collection (n = 92) and their matched controls (n = 179), R² = 27 % and Q² = 16 %, and the metabolic signature colored for correlation after significance to ANOVA tests (Benjamini-Hochberg multiple corrected). (c) ROC analyses for each stratified group including AFP, liver function score, O-PLS score, O-PLS cross validated (CV) status, and a combination between O-PLS CV status and AFP or liver function score. The ROC curves of the O-PLS CV status and the O-PLS CV status + AFP are almost overlapped for the ROC analysis performed on cases diagnosed <2 years. The characteristics of each model are presented in Table 3. The validations of the O-PLS models are presented in Additional file 1: Figure S3. 1, CH₃ bond of lipids mainly VLDL; 2, Leucine; 3, Isoleucine; 4, Valine; 5, Propylene glycol; 6, Ethanol; 7, CH₂ bond of lipids; 8, CH₂-CH₂-COOC bond of lipids; 9, Acetate; 10, CH₂-CH = bond of lipids; 11, N-acetyl glycoproteins; 12, Acetone and CH₂-CH₂-COOC bond of lipids; 13, Glutamate; 14, Glutamine; 15, Citrate; 16 = CH-CH₂-CH = bond of lipids; 17, Choline; 18, Glucose; 19, Lipid O-CH₂; 20, Mannose and lipids; 21, CH = CH bond of lipids; 22, Tyrosine; 23, Phenylalanine