From: Metabolomic profiles of hepatocellular carcinoma in a European prospective cohort
Crudea | Multivariableb | Multivariable + liver function scorec | Multivariable for non-hepatitis infected casesd | Crude <2 years follow-upe | Crude ≥2 years follow-upf | Multivariable ≥2 years follow-upg | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
114 cases | 114 cases | 114 cases | 77 cases | 22 cases | 92 cases | 92 cases | |
N-acetyl glycoproteins | 0.47 (0.36–0.62)*** | 0.46 (0.32–0.67)*** | 0.76 (0.49–1.17) | 0.74 (0.49–1.14) | 0.64 (0.39–1.05) | 0.43 (0.31–0.60)*** | 0.35 (0.21–0.59)*** |
Glutamate | 2.37 (1.64–3.41)*** | 2.44 (1.54–3.87)*** | 1.46 (0.80–2.63) | 2.06 (1.18–3.61)* | 4.87 (1.26–18.82)* | 2.05 (1.43–2.94)*** | 2.13 (1.30–3.49)** |
Tyrosine | 2.00 (1.51–2.65)*** | 2.46 (1.65–3.66)*** | 1.58 (0.98–2.56) | 1.42 (0.83–2.43) | 3.90 (1.50–10.14)** | 1.83 (1.36–2.47)*** | 2.23 (1.41–3.54)*** |
Choline | 0.37 (0.27–0.51)*** | 0.45 (0.31–0.65)*** | 0.83 (0.52–1.32) | 0.68 (0.42–1.12) | 0.30 (0.13–0.66)** | 0.39 (0.27–0.56)*** | 0.45 (0.29–0.71)*** |
Phenylalanine | 1.83 (1.37–2.44)*** | 2.07 (1.40–3.06)*** | 1.75 (1.04–2.94)* | 1.59 (0.94–2.67) | 3.59 (1.29–10)* | 1.62 (1.20–2.19)** | 1.64 (1.07–2.54)* |
Leucine | 0.54 (0.41–0.71)*** | 0.60 (0.43–0.85)** | 0.67 (0.43–1.05) | 0.68 (0.43–1.09) | 0.80 (0.48–1.33) | 0.47 (0.34–0.66)*** | 0.51 (0.33–0.80)** |
Unsaturated lipids | 0.29 (0.18–0.46)*** | 0.36 (0.21–0.63)*** | 0.77 (0.41–1.44) | 0.59 (0.29–1.23) | 0.16 (0.04–0.60)** | 0.33 (0.20–0.53)*** | 0.46 (0.24–0.84)* |
Isoleucine | 0.64 (0.49–0.83)*** | 0.72 (0.53–0.98)* | 0.84 (0.56–1.26) | 0.76 (0.50–1.15) | 0.84 (0.50–1.42) | 0.59 (0.44–0.80)*** | 0.66 (0.45–0.96)* |
VLDL | 0.58 (0.45–0.76)*** | 0.52 (0.36–0.74)*** | 0.77 (0.51–1.15) | 0.74 (0.45–1.20) | 0.30 (0.12–0.72)** | 0.64 (0.49–0.85)** | 0.58 (0.39–0.87)** |
Propylene glycol | 3.07 (1.58–5.97)*** | 2.20 (1.06–4.60)* | 1.00 (0.59–1.69) | 1.27 (0.73–2.21) | 727.9 (1.56–340468)* | 2.11 (1.24–3.58)** | 1.46 (0.83–2.55) |
Ethanolh | 1.76 (1.13–2.74)* | 1.46 (0.97–2.21) | 1.02 (0.69–1.51) | 1.10 (0.74–1.65) | 126.1 (1.3–12227)* | 1.66 (1.09–2.53)* | 1.40 (0.95–2.08) |
Glutamine | 0.66 (0.51–0.84)** | 0.75 (0.54–1.03) | 0.96 (0.64–1.44) | 0.56 (0.34–0.92)* | 0.60 (0.30–1.15) | 0.67 (0.51–0.88)** | 0.74 (0.51–1.07) |
Glucose | 1.53 (1.18–1.99)** | 1.67 (1.19–2.35)** | 1.28 (0.86–1.92) | 1.24 (0.80–1.92) | 1.95 (0.98–3.88) | 1.47 (1.10–1.96)** | 1.77 (1.16–2.69)** |
Valine | 0.69 (0.54–0.88)** | 0.82 (0.61–1.11) | 0.90 (0.61–1.34) | 0.78 (0.51–1.18) | 0.75 (0.44–1.27) | 0.68 (0.52–0.89)** | 0.79 (0.55–1.13) |
Acetate | 1.40 (1.08–1.82)* | 1.20 (0.90–1.60) | 0.92 (0.58–1.46) | 1.01 (0.63–1.61) | 3.04 (0.45–20.69) | 1.32 (1.01–1.75)* | 1.12 (0.76–1.63) |
Citrate | 1.36 (1.06–1.76)* | 1.76 (1.22–2.54)** | 1.88 (1.14–3.11)* | 1.15 (0.65–2.01) | 2.19 (1.10–4.35)* | 1.22 (0.93–1.61) | 1.37 (0.91–2.06) |