| High intensity (HI) | Low-to-moderate intensity (LMI) | Wait list control (WLC) | HI vs. WLC | LMI vs. WLC | HI vs. LMI | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Baseline mean (SD) | Post-test mean (SD) | Baseline mean (SD) | Post-test mean (SD) | Baseline mean (SD) | Post-test mean (SD) | β (95 % CI) | β (95 % CI) | β (95 % CI) |
Health-related quality of life (Range 0–100) b | |||||||||
 Global quality of life c | 72.8 (15.3) | 82.0 (13.6) | 73.6 (17.2) | 79.7 (16.1) | 71.0 (16.5) | 75.3 (15.4) | 5.9 (2.0 to 9.8) m | 3.3 (−0.6 to 7.2) | 2.6 (−1.4 to 6.6) |
 Physical functioning | 82.0 (13.8) | 88.1 (9.5) | 83.0 (12.2) | 89.6 (10.2) | 80.2 (15.4) | 84.1 (13.1) | 3.1 (0.7 to 5.5) m | 4.1 (1.6 to 6.6) m | −1.0 (−3.5 to 1.5) |
 Role functioning c | 73.7 (25.1) | 82.5 (21.4) | 69.2 (25.8) | 83.5 (21.1) | 67.4 (25.6) | 82.0 (21.4) | −2.1 (−7.6 to 3.3) | 0.8 (−4.7 to 6.3) | −3.0 (−8.6 to 2.7) |
 Emotional functioning c | 86.0 (15.9) | 88.3 (15.3) | 82.9 (16.3) | 84.0 (17.3) | 83.5 (17.0) | 83.3 (17.5) | 3.3 (−0.4 to 7.1) | 1.1 (−2.7 to 4.9) | 2.2 (−1.7 to 6.1) |
 Cognitive functioning c | 79.9 (22.5) | 84.3 (17.5) | 78.0 (21.4) | 80.3 (19.5) | 76.7 (22.7) | 80.6 (21.1) | 2.0 (−2.4 to 6.3) | −0.9 (−5.3 to 3.6) | 2.8 (−1.7 to 7.3) |
 Social functioning c | 78.3 (22.0) | 89,6 (15.1) | 78.2 (20.0) | 86.1 (20.0) | 75.6 (24.6) | 85.2 (21.7) | 3.1 (−1.7 to 7.9) | −0.2 (−5.1 to 4.7) | 3.3 (−1.7 to 8.3) |
Body composition | |||||||||
 Body mass index, kg/m2 | 26.8 (4.0) | 26.8 (4.0) | 26.3 (4.3) | 26.5 (4.4) | 27.7 (4.8) | 27.7 (4.8) | −0.001 (−0.3 to 0.3) | 0.2 (−0.1 to 0.4) | −0.2 (−0.4 to 0.1) |
 Sum of skinfolds, mm d | 73.0 (20.7) | 72.2 (22.7) | 72.2 (30.1) | 73.1 (29.6) | 77.7 (32.0) | 78.2 (31.6) | −1.7 (−5.3 to 1.8) | −0.3 (−3.9 to 3.4) | −1.5 (−5.2 to 2.2) |
Sleep disturbances (Range 0–21) e,f | |||||||||
 | 10.3 (3.3) | 9.9 (3.3) | 10.9 (3.1) | 10.7 (3.7) | 10.1 (3.2) | 9.9 (3.6) | −0.2 (−1.0 to 0.6) | 0.1 (−0.8 to 0.9) | −0.2 (−1.1 to 0.6) |
Physical activity | |||||||||
 Self-reported PA g | 93.0 (71.5) | 117.6 (87.7) | 106.1 (80.9) | 129.0 (68.5) | 96.2 (66.2) | 121.2 (72.9) | −2.0 (−20.7 to 16.7) | 1.4 (−17.7 to 20.4) | −3.4 (−22.8 to 16.0) |
 Accelerometer, counts per minute h,i | 246 (95.8) | 248 (106.3) | 229 (91.0) | 247 (76.6) | 239 (89.5) | 258 (87.0) | −12.9 (40.3 to 14.5) | −5.7 (−33.0 to 21.5) | −7.2 (−35.4 to 21.0) |
Distress (Range 0–21) j | |||||||||
 Anxiety k | 4.0 (3.0) | 3.2 (2.9) | 4.0 (3.0) | 3.9 (3.3) | 3.8 (2.8) | 4.1 (3.0) | −1.0 (−1.7 to −0.3) m | −0.4 (−1.0 to 0.3) | −0.6 (−1.3 to 0.1) n |
 Depression l | 3.1 (2.7) | 2.5 (2.6) | 3.5 (3.2) | 2.7 (2.8) | 3.3 (2.8) | 3.0 (3.2) | −0.4 (−1.1 to 0.2) | −0.4 (−1.1 to 0.2) | −0.02 (−0.7 to 0.6) |