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Table 4 Joint risk assessment for cardiovascular disease mortality by derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) levels and total thiol levels (TTL)

From: Evidence for the free radical/oxidative stress theory of ageing from the CHANCES consortium: a meta-analysis of individual participant data

High oxidative stress by

Proportion of population

ncases

RR (95 % CI)c

d-ROMsa

TTLb

ESTHER

HAPIEE controls

ESTHER + HAPIEE

ESTHER + HAPIEE

No

No

59 %

49 %

227

Ref

No

Yes

18 %

25 %

108

1.34 (0.91–1.97)

Yes

No

16 %

18 %

155

1.72 (1.27–2.32)*

Yes

Yes

7 %

9 %

70

2.47 (1.58–3.98)*

  1. *Statistically significant (P <0.05)
  2. ad-ROMs levels >400 Carr U
  3. bLowest quartile of TTL in the different cohorts, i.e. ESTHER <281.57 μmol/L; HAPIEE Poland cases and eligible controls <464 μmol/L; HAPIEE Czech Republic cases and eligible controls <371 μmol/L; HAPIEE Lithuania cases and eligible controls <283 μmol/L
  4. cMeta-analysis of HAPIEE Poland, Czech Republic, Lithuania and ESTHER study. Model controlled for age, sex, education, BMI, smoking status, alcohol consumption and vigorous physical activity
  5. CI, Confidence interval; ncases, Incident case numbers; RR, Risk ratio