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Table 5 Age-stratified analyses of the associations of HbA1c levels with mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in subjects without diabetes mellitus

From: HbA1c levels in non-diabetic older adults – No J-shaped associations with primary cardiovascular events, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality after adjustment for confounders in a meta-analysis of individual participant data from six cohort studies

Outcome/stratum Very low HbA1c (<5.0 %) (<31 mmol/mol) Low HbA1c (5.0 to <5.5 %) (31 to <37 mmol/mol) Intermediate HbA1c (5.5 to <6.0 %) (37 to <42 mmol/mol) Increased HbA1c (6.0 to <6.5 %) (42 to <48 mmol/mol)
  ntotal ncases IRa HR (95 % CI)b ntotal ncases IRa HR ntotal ncases IRa HR (95 % CI)b ntotal ncases IRa HR (95 % CI)b
All-cause mortality
 50–64 years 1,688 205 10.0 0.95 (0.81; 1.12) 6,563 769 9.8 Ref 6,336 761 10.1 0.91 (0.82; 1.01) 1,514 272 15.8 1.18 (1.02; 1.37)
 ≥65 years 632 314 53.3 1.13 (1.01; 1.27) 3,779 1,556 42.6 Ref 4,767 1,978 43.3 1.06 (0.99; 1.13) 1,413 723 50.4 1.14 (1.04; 1.26)
Cardiovascular mortality
 50–64 years 1,218 61 3.7 0.99 (0.74; 1.33) 4,824 210 3.2 Ref 4,915 220 3.4 0.93 (0.76; 1.13) 1,194 78 5.3 1.14 (0.87; 1.50)
 ≥65 years 548 155 28.4 1.33 (0.86; 2.04)c 2,574 589 20.9 Ref 3,343 753 21.2 1.07 (0.82; 1.39)c d 1,035 249 24.2 1.18 (1.01; 1.38)
Cardiovascular events
 50–64 years 1,276 77 5.1 0.76 (0.60; 0.97) 5,626 456 8.1 Ref 5,470 507 9.6 1.09 (0.96; 1.25) 1,165 114 10.6 1.18 (0.95; 1.47)
 ≥65 years 409 82 22.4 1.15 (0.90; 1.46) 2,491 488 22.8 Ref 3,207 598 23.0 0.99 (0.88; 1.12) 846 171 26.7 1.19 (0.98; 1.45)
  1. Bold indicates statistically significant difference (p <0.05). aIR, incidence rate per 1,000 person-years. The IR is the weighted mean of the IRs of the individual studies (weighted by sample size); badjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, education, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, CRP, hemoglobin, serum creatinine, albuminuria, hypertension and history of CVD; crandom effects model result reported due to statistical significant heterogeneity. CI, confidence interval; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HR, hazard ratio; IR, incidence rate; n, sample size
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