Measures to assess commonly experienced symptoms for people with dementia in long-term care settings: a systematic review

Table 1 Evaluation of quality criteria of measures with strongest psychometric properties validated in long-term care settings

Name of measure	Content validity	Internal consistency	Criterion validity	Construct validity	Reproducibility		Responsiveness	Floor and ceiling effects	Interpretability
Name of measure	Content validity	Internal consistency	Criterion validity	Construct validity	Agreement	Reliability	Responsiveness	Floor and ceiling effects	Interpretability
Pain
PAINAD [48]	+	?	0	?	0	?	0	–	?
PAINAD [46]	?	?	0	?	0	–	0	–	0
PAINAD [47]	0	+	–	+	0	+	0	0	?
PAINAD [45]	0	?	?	+	0	+	0	0	0
PACSLAC [49]	+	?	0	?	0	0	0	0	0
PACSLAC [36]	0	0	?	?	0	?	0	0	0
PACSLAC [47]	0	?	–	+	0	+	0	0	?
PACSLAC [45]	0	?	?	+	0	+	0	0	0
PACSLAC [50]	0	0	–	?	0	+	0	0	0
PACSLAC-II [35]	+	?	0	+	0	–	0	0	0
Oral health
OHAT [40]	+	0	?	0	0	+	?	–	0
Discomfort
DS-DAT [51]	+	?	0	?	0	?	0	0	0
DS-DAT [47]	–	–	–	+	0	+	0	0	?

PAINAD, Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia; PACSLAC, Pain Assessment Checklist for Seniors with Limited Ability to Communicate; OHAT, Oral Health Assessment Tool; DS-DAT, Discomfort Scale for patients with Dementia of Alzheimer’s Type
+ A positive rating indicates strong psychometric properties according to quality criteria using adequate design and method [20]
? Intermediate [21] rating indicates some but not all aspects of psychometric properties are positive, or there is doubt about the design and method used [20]
– A negative rating indicates psychometric properties do not meet criteria despite adequate design and method used [20]
0 No information provided in the paper [14]

ISSN: 1741-7015