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Table 5 Prevalence of MTB detection by both Xpert MTB/RIF and PowerChekâ„¢ MTB/NTM Real-Time PCR assays, within groups with specific lung pathologies

From: Burden of respiratory tract infections at post mortem in Zambian children

 

Xpert MTB/RIF Assay

PowerChekâ„¢ MTB/NTM Assaya

 

MTB detected

MTB detected

NTM detected

Overall

30 % (36/121)

16 % (12/73)

62 % (45/73)

Lung pathology

   

Bronchopneumonia

30 % (18b/60)

9 % (3/35)

63 % (22/35)

Interstitial pneumonitis

60 % (8/20)

17 % (2/12)

67 % (8/12)

Tuberculosis (All forms) (PTB and/or EPTB)

30 % (3/10)

67 % (6/9)

22 % (2/9)

EPTB

100 % (1/1)

100 % (1/1)

0 % (0/1)

PTB

22 % (2/9)

63 % (5/8)

20 % (2/8)

Cytomegalovirus pneumonia

13 % (1/8)

0 % (0/4)

75 % (3/4)

Pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia

17 % (1/5)

0 % (0/3)

67 % (2/3)

Pulmonary oedema

33 % (2/6)

20 % (1/5)

80 % (4/5)

Candidiasis

0 % (0/3)

0 % (0/2)

50 % (1/2)

Acute respiratory distress

0 % (0/1)

0 % (0/1)

100 % (1/1)

Normal lungs

20 % (2/10)

0 % (0/7)

72 % (5/7)

  1. aThe PowerChek™ MTB/NTM Assay gave an ‘invalid’ result in 48 lung tissue specimens, even after repeat analysis
  2. bIncluding three rifampicin-resistant cases
  3. EPTB extrapulmonary tuberculosis, MTB Mycobacterium tuberculosis, NTM non-TB mycobacteria, PTB pulmonary tuberculosis