Table 2 Metabolites associated with each immune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID) in the discovery and validation cohorts
From: Urine metabolome profiling of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases
IMID/Metabolite | log2(IMID/Ctrl)DISb | P DIS | log2(IMID/Ctrl)VALb | P VAL | P COMB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CD/Citrate | –0.94 (–1.21 to –0.68) | 1.4 × 10–8 | –0.80 (–1.01 to –0.59) | 1.1 × 10–9 | 6.2 × 10–16 |
SLE/Citrate | –0.68 (–0.96 to –0.41) | 6.1 × 10–5 | –0.85 (–1.11 to –0.59) | 1.4 × 10–7 | 2.3 × 10–10 |
Ps/Citrate | –0.60 (–0.82 to –0.38) | 1.0 × 10–5 | –0.45 (–0.64 to –0.26) | 1.3 × 10–4 | 2.9 × 10–8 |
RA/Citrate | –0.49 (–0.72 to –0.26) | 5.4 × 10–4 | –0.55 (–0.77 to –0.33) | 4.3 × 10–5 | 4.3 × 10–7 |
PsA/Citrate | –0.39 (–0.63 to –0.16) | 6.7 × 10–3 | –0.44 (–0.64 to –0.24) | 3.7 × 10–4 | 3.5 × 10–5 |
UC/Citratea | –0.34 (–0.57 to –0.11) | 1.6 × 10–2 | –0.39 (–0.59 to –0.19) | 1.6 × 10–3 | 3.0 × 10–4 |
UC/N-acetyl AAs | –0.57 (–0.85 to –0.30) | 7.6 × 10–4 | –0.64 (–0.87 to –0.42) | 2.4 × 10–6 | 3.8 × 10–8 |
RA/N-acetyl AAsa | –0.32 (–0.53 to –0.10) | 1.7 × 10–2 | –0.61 (–0.86 to –0.37) | 4.3 × 10–5 | 1.1 × 10–5 |
CD/N-acetyl AAs | –0.63 (–0.90 to –0.36) | 1.4 × 10–4 | –0.26 (–0.47 to –0.06) | 3.7 × 10–2 | 6.7 × 10–5 |
Ps/N-acetyl AAs | –0.27 (–0.43 to –0.11) | 6.9 × 10–3 | –0.35 (–0.54 to –0.15) | 3.3 × 10–3 | 2.6 × 10–4 |
PsA/N-acetyl AAs | –0.43 (–0.67 to –0.19) | 3.9 × 10–3 | –0.28 (–0.46 to –0.10) | 9.1 × 10–3 | 3.9 × 10–4 |
Ps/Trigonelline | –0.70 (–0.99 to –0.40) | 1.0 × 10–4 | –0.73 (–0.94 to –0.51) | 7.3 × 10–8 | 2.0 × 10–10 |
UC/Trigonelline | –0.56 (–0.88 to –0.25) | 3.3 × 10–3 | –0.72 (–0.95 to –0.48) | 7.3 × 10–7 | 5.0 × 10–8 |
CD/Trigonelline | –0.71 (–1.01 to –0.41) | 1.3 × 10–4 | –0.54 (–0.75 to –0.32) | 3.8 × 10–5 | 1.0 × 10–7 |
PsA/Trigonellinea | –0.46 (–0.74 to –0.18) | 7.5 × 10–3 | –0.42 (–0.63 to –0.21) | 1.1 × 10–3 | 1.0 × 10–4 |
SLE/Alanine | –0.29 (–0.44 to –0.14) | 1.5 × 10–3 | –0.62 (–0.75 to –0.49) | 4.8 × 10–14 | 2.7 × 10–15 |
Ps/Alanine | –0.31 (–0.45 to –0.16) | 4.2 × 10–4 | –0.35 (–0.46 to –0.25) | 6.5 × 10–8 | 7.0 × 10–10 |
PsA/Alaninea | –0.17 (–0.31 to –0.04) | 4.0 × 10–2 | –0.37 (–0.47 to –0.26) | 4.0 × 10–8 | 3.4 × 10–8 |
RA/Alanine | –0.24 (–0.38 to –0.10) | 5.3 × 10–3 | –0.35 (–0.46 to –0.24) | 4.4 × 10–7 | 4.9 × 10–8 |
CD/Alaninea | –0.23 (–0.38 to –0.08) | 1.2 × 10–2 | –0.21 (–0.32 to –0.11) | 6.7 × 10–4 | 1.1 × 10–4 |
SLE/Methylsuccinatea | –0.72 (–1.25 to –0.19) | 2.5 × 10–2 | –2.10 (–2.61 to –1.59) | 5.0 × 10–11 | 3.6 × 10–11 |
UC/Methylsuccinate | –1.09 (–1.58 to –0.60) | 2.9 × 10–4 | –0.61 (–1.01 to –0.22) | 1.1 × 10–2 | 4.5 × 10–5 |
CD/Methylsuccinate | –1.05 (–1.56 to –0.54) | 7.4 × 10–4 | –0.67 (–1.08 to –0.26) | 7.6 × 10–3 | 7.4 × 10–5 |
PsA/Methylsuccinatea | –0.74 (–1.25 to –0.23) | 1.6 × 10–2 | –0.91 (–1.35 to –0.47) | 6.7 × 10–4 | 1.4 × 10–4 |
Ps/Methylsuccinate | –0.95 (–1.49 to –0.40) | 4.7 × 10–3 | –0.63 (–1.07 to –0.20) | 1.7 × 10–2 | 8.3 × 10–4 |
UC/Unknown 7 | 5.49 (4.72 to 6.26) | 2.2 × 10–26 | 5.30 (4.68 to 5.93) | 1.5 × 10–36 | 4.7 × 10–60 |
CD/Unknown 7 | 2.40 (1.61 to 3.20) | 1.0 × 10–6 | 2.75 (2.14 to 3.36) | 5.1 × 10–13 | 2.3 × 10–17 |
RA/Unknown 7 | 1.68 (0.99 to 2.37) | 7.6 × 10–5 | 1.48 (0.94 to 2.02) | 8.2 × 10–6 | 1.4 × 10–8 |
SLE/Unknown 7a | 0.81 (0.18 to 1.44) | 3.4 × 10–2 | 1.33 (0.80 to 1.86) | 4.8 × 10–5 | 2.3 × 10–5 |
CD/Hippurate | –1.74 (–2.08 to –1.40) | 1.5 × 10–15 | –1.54 (–1.80 to –1.28) | 4.5 × 10–20 | 5.5 × 10–33 |
UC/Hippurate | –1.03 (–1.32 to –0.73) | 3.3 × 10–8 | –0.92 (–1.16 to –0.69) | 3.8 × 10–10 | 4.9 × 10–16 |
Ps/Hippuratea | –0.40 (–0.66 to –0.13) | 1.6 × 10–2 | –0.33 (–0.54 to –0.11) | 1.4 × 10–2 | 2.0 × 10–3 |
RA/Carnitinea | –0.68 (–1.11 to –0.25) | 9.2 × 10–3 | –1.05 (–1.35 to –0.75) | 2.1 × 10–8 | 4.4 × 10–9 |
PsA/Carnitinea | –0.55 (–0.98 to –0.11) | 3.9 × 10–2 | –0.80 (–1.11 to –0.50) | 2.0 × 10–5 | 1.2 × 10–5 |
CD/3-Hydroxyisovalerate | –1.02 (–1.51 to –0.53) | 6.7 × 10–4 | –1.88 (–2.27 to –1.48) | 4.2 × 10–14 | 1.1 × 10–15 |
UC/Phenylacetylglycine | 0.42 (0.19 to 0.65) | 2.5 × 10–3 | 0.48 (0.31 to 0.65) | 5.5 × 10–6 | 2.7 × 10–7 |
CD/Free acetatea | –0.46 (–0.80 to –0.11) | 3.0 × 10–2 | –0.51 (–0.71 to –0.30) | 6.5 × 10–5 | 2.8 × 10–5 |
RA/Tyrosine | 1.25 (0.60 to 1.90) | 1.7 × 10–3 | 0.57 (0.14 to 1.00) | 3.0 × 10–2 | 5.7 × 10–4 |
CD/N,N-dimethylglycinea | –0.27 (–0.46 to –0.07) | 2.3 × 10–2 | –0.25 (–0.44 to –0.06) | 2.8 × 10–2 | 5.5 × 10–3 |