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Table 1 Mother-newborn characteristics according to maternal pre-pregnancy BMI

From: Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and newborn telomere length

Characteristic

Normal weight

n = 488

Overweight

n = 175

Obese

n = 80

P for trend

Newborn

 Gender

  Girls, n

251 (51.4 %)

84 (48.0 %)

41 (51.3 %)

0.73

 European-Caucasian, n

441 (90.4 %)

151 (86.3 %)

66 (82.5 %)

0.07

 Gestational age, weeks

39.1 (1.5)

39.3 (1.4)

39.3 (1.7)

0.27

 Birth weight, g

3351 (468)

3490 (453)

3502 (524)

0.0005

Maternal

 Age, years

29.2 (4.5)

29.3 (4.6)

28.4 (4.5)

0.34

 Education

    

  Low, n

54 (11.1 %)

18 (10.3 %)

11 (13.8 %)

0.25

  Middle, n

170 (34.8 %)

70 (40.0 %)

36 (45.0 %)

 

  High, n

264 (54.1 %)

87 (49.7 %)

33 (41.3 %)

 

 Smoking status

  Never smoker, n

305 (62.5 %)

109 (62.3 %)

51 (63.8 %)

0.80

  Stopped smoker, n

118 (24.2 %)

39 (22.3 %)

21 (26.3 %)

 

  Continued smoker, n

65 (13.3 %)

27 (15.4 %)

8 (10.0 %)

 

 Cesarean section, n

13 (2.7 %)

13 (7.4 %)

7 (8.8 %)

0.005

 Pregnancy complication, n

38 (7.8 %)

23 (13.1 %)

17 (21.3 %)

0.006

 Parity

  1, n

285 (58.4 %)

86 (49.1 %)

46 (57.5 %)

0.12

  2, n

158 (32.4 %)

63 (36.0 %)

28 (35.0 %)

 

  ≥3, n

45 (9.2 %)

26 (14.9 %)

6 (7.5 %)

 

 Pregnancy weight gain, kg

14.9 (5.2)

14.1 (6.5)

11.4 (6.1)

<0.0001

Paternal

 Age, years

31.7 (4.9)

31.7 (4.7)

31.1 (5.7)

0.59

  1. Classification of pre-pregnancy BMI classes: Normal when BMI < 25 kg/m2, overweight when 25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2, and obese when BMI > 30 kg/m2
  2. Values are presented as means (SD) or n (%)