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Fig. 4 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 4

From: A novel approach to identifying patterns of human invasion-inhibitory antibodies guides the design of malaria vaccines incorporating polymorphic antigens

Fig. 4

Differential invasion inhibition of genetically engineered P. falciparum expressing different AMA1 alleles by antibodies in the PNG study. a Prevalence of specific invasion inhibition (at least 10 % greater inhibition of one P. falciparum line compared with either of two other lines tested at the same time) amongst PNG serum samples (n = 98 or 99). b Prevalence of PNG serum samples showing difference in invasion inhibition >10 % between two P. falciparum lines (line A – line B) tested simultaneously (n = 98 or 99). Comparisons were made between lines tested together (3D7, FVO and HB3, or W2mef, XIE and Pf2006). Error bars indicate + standard error (comparison of 3D7-FVO and HB3-FVO versus HB3-3D7, P = 0.003 and P = 0.0004, respectively; XIE-W2Mef or Pf2006-W2Mef versus XIE-Pf2006, P < 0.0001). c, d Breadth of AMA1-specific growth-inhibitory activity in PNG population: c overall (n = 98 or 99) and d amongst children (n = 48 or 49) versus adults (n = 50). Specific growth inhibition was considered present when there was at least 10 % greater inhibition (absolute difference) of one genetically engineered P. falciparum line compared with either of two other lines tested at the same time (3D7, FVO and HB3, or W2mef, XIE and Pf2006). There was a significant difference between children and adults in the proportion of samples that differentially inhibited only one isolate (P < 0.05, Fisher’s exact test). Error bars indicate + standard error

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