Fig. 1

Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between pregnancy and lipoprotein-related measures. Left panel, cross-sectional analyses in which pregnant women (n = 322) were compared to non-pregnant women (n = 3938). The associations were adjusted for age and meta-analysed for three Finnish population-based cohorts. Middle panel, longitudinal analyses in which women who were pregnant at follow-up (but not at baseline) (n = 18) were compared to women who were non-pregnant at both time points (n = 519). Right panel, longitudinal analyses in which women who were pregnant at baseline (but not at follow-up) (n = 44) were compared to women who were non-pregnant at both time points (n = 519). Longitudinal associations were adjusted for baseline age. Open diamonds indicate P ≥ 0.0008, closed diamonds indicate P < 0.0008. C cholesterol, CI confidence interval, HDL high-density lipoprotein, IDL intermediate-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, PL phospholipids, SD standard deviation, TG triglycerides, VLDL very-low-density lipoprotein