Cardiovascular Condition | Probable alcohol relationship | Potential impact on stroke risk | |
---|---|---|---|
Lighter drinkinga | Heavier drinkingb | ||
Dilated cardio-myopathy [4] | None | Causes a subset | Can cause AF, with higher cardioembolic stroke risk and higher HS risk if on anti-coagulant therapy |
Little or none | Probably causal in susceptible persons | A major risk factor – by direct and indirect mechanisms – for all types of stroke | |
Protective | ? Less protective, no relationship or increased risk | 1) lower risk of AF 2) higher risk of cardioembolic stroke from mural thrombus 3) higher risk of HS if on anti-thrombotic medication | |
Valvular disease | Data lacking | Data lacking | Multiple conditions; some with higher risk of AF, cardioembolic stroke and higher HS risk if on anti-coagulant therapy |
Supra-ventricular arrhythmia [4] | Little or none | Probably a causal factor, especially binges | Includes AF, with higher cardioembolic stroke risk and higher HS risk if on anti-coagulant therapy |
Unrelated or slightly higher risk | Increased risk | Needs splitting into types – see Table 2 | |
Protective – varies with subtypes | Probable higher risk; varies with subtype | Needs splitting into types – see Table 2 |