Fig. 4

JB-1 treatment does not affect stress-induced structural changes in the microbiota community. a Effect of chronic social defeat and JB-1 treatment on phylogenetic diversity and Chao1 richness estimates from the rarefied 16S rRNA data (n: CON/VEH = 18, CON/JB-1 = 13, DEF/VEH = 24, DEF/JB-1 = 17, 7923 reads/sample). b, c Principle coordinates analysis (PCoA) of Bray-Curtis distances from the average rarefied 16S rRNA data (n: CON/VEH = 18, CON/JB-1 = 13, DEF/VEH = 24, DEF/JB-1 = 17; n = 999 rarefactions, 6339 reads/sample) indicate a significant effect of social defeat on group clustering (p = 0.013), but no effect of JB-1 treatment (median ± min/max). d Effect of chronic social defeat and JB-1 treatment on the taxonomic distribution of OTUs at the phylum level (n = 17–24/group). e Bray-Curtis distances from the average rarefied 16S rRNA data (n = 999 rarefactions, 44,648 reads/sample) three weeks after stressor and treatment cessation indicate a persistent significant effect of social defeat on group clustering (p = 0.022), but no difference between the control group and defeated mice treated with JB-1 (median ± min/max). f Phylogenetic diversity and Chao1 richness estimates from the rarefied 16S rRNA data (55,810 reads/sample) 3 weeks after stressor and treatment cessation indicate a persistent significant effect of social defeat, but no difference between the control group and defeated mice treated with JB-1 (n = 9–11/group). *p < 0.05, **p <0.01, and ***p < 0.001. Data are represented as mean ± SEM unless otherwise indicated