Table 8 Methodological assessment of included studies
Study | A. Study participation | B. Study attrition | C. Prognostic factor measurement | D. Outcome measurement | E. Study confounding | F. Statistical analysis and reporting | Overall assessment of risk of biasa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Beneciuk et al. 2012 [43] | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Field & Newell 2012 [44] | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Gabel et al. 2011 [39] | Moderate | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Grotle et al. 2006 [25] | Moderate | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Moderate | Low |
Hazard et al. 1996 [49] | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Low |
Hazard et al. 1997 [50] | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Heneweer et al. 2007 [66] | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Hill et al. 2008 [46] | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Jellema et al. 2007 [52] | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Low |
Kongsted et al. 2015 [38] | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Law et al. 2013 [37] | Low | Moderate | Low | Low | Moderate | Low | Low |
Newell et al. 2014 [45] | Low | High | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | High |
Nonclercq et al. 2010 [42] | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Shaw et al. 2009 [40] | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Schmidt et al. 2016 [48] | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Truchon et al. 2012 [51] | Moderate | High | Low | Moderate | Low | Moderate | High |
Turner et al. 2013 [61] | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |
Williams et al. 2014 [41] | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low |